Institution
Gregor Mendel Institute
Facility•Vienna, Niederösterreich, Austria•
About: Gregor Mendel Institute is a facility organization based out in Vienna, Niederösterreich, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Gene & Population. The organization has 201 authors who have published 224 publications receiving 9788 citations. The organization is also known as: Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology.
Topics: Gene, Population, Arabidopsis, Genome, Arabidopsis thaliana
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: This study demonstrates the feasibility of GWA studies in A. thaliana and suggests that the approach will be appropriate for many other organisms, particularly when inbred lines are available.
Abstract: Although pioneered by human geneticists as a potential solution to the challenging problem of finding the genetic basis of common human diseases, genome-wide association (GWA) studies have, owing to advances in genotyping and sequencing technology, become an obvious general approach for studying the genetics of natural variation and traits of agricultural importance. They are particularly useful when inbred lines are available, because once these lines have been genotyped they can be phenotyped multiple times, making it possible (as well as extremely cost effective) to study many different traits in many different environments, while replicating the phenotypic measurements to reduce environmental noise. Here we demonstrate the power of this approach by carrying out a GWA study of 107 phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana, a widely distributed, predominantly self-fertilizing model plant known to harbour considerable genetic variation for many adaptively important traits. Our results are dramatically different from those of human GWA studies, in that we identify many common alleles of major effect, but they are also, in many cases, harder to interpret because confounding by complex genetics and population structure make it difficult to distinguish true associations from false. However, a-priori candidates are significantly over-represented among these associations as well, making many of them excellent candidates for follow-up experiments. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of GWA studies in A. thaliana and suggests that the approach will be appropriate for many other organisms.
1,525 citations
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TL;DR: The relevance of biological factors including effect size, sample size, genetic heterogeneity, genomic confounding, linkage disequilibrium and spurious association, and statistical tools to account for these are presented.
Abstract: Over the last 10 years, high-density SNP arrays and DNA re-sequencing have illuminated the majority of the genotypic space for a number of organisms, including humans, maize, rice and Arabidopsis. For any researcher willing to define and score a phenotype across many individuals, Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) present a powerful tool to reconnect this trait back to its underlying genetics. In this review we discuss the biological and statistical considerations that underpin a successful analysis or otherwise. The relevance of biological factors including effect size, sample size, genetic heterogeneity, genomic confounding, linkage disequilibrium and spurious association, and statistical tools to account for these are presented. GWAS can offer a valuable first insight into trait architecture or candidate loci for subsequent validation.
1,088 citations
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TL;DR: The 207-Mb genome sequence of the North American Arabidopsis lyrata strain MN47, based on 8.3× dideoxy sequence coverage, is reported, indicating pervasive selection for a smaller genome in this outcrossing species.
Abstract: We present the 207 Mb genome sequence of the outcrosser Arabidopsis lyrata, which diverged from the self-fertilizing species A. thaliana about 10 million years ago. It is generally assumed that the much smaller A. thaliana genome, which is only 125 Mb, constitutes the derived state for the family. Apparent genome reduction in this genus can be partially attributed to the loss of DNA from large-scale rearrangements, but the main cause lies in the hundreds of thousands of small deletions found throughout the genome. These occurred primarily in non-coding DNA and transposons, but protein-coding multi-gene families are smaller in A. thaliana as well. Analysis of deletions and insertions still segregating in A. thaliana indicates that the process of DNA loss is ongoing, suggesting pervasive selection for a smaller genome.
845 citations
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Monash University1, Kyoto University2, Kindai University3, United States Department of Energy4, Kobe University5, National Institute of Genetics6, Austrian Academy of Sciences7, Nara Institute of Science and Technology8, University of Osnabrück9, Universidad Veracruzana10, University of Cambridge11, CINVESTAV12, University of Oxford13, University of Tennessee14, Plant & Food Research15, Uppsala University16, Institut de recherche pour le développement17, University of Zurich18, University of Tokyo19, Nagoya University20, Okayama University21, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Japan22, Tohoku University23, Gregor Mendel Institute24, University of Kentucky25, Tokyo University of Agriculture26, National Taiwan University27, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory28, Autonomous University of Madrid29, University of Arizona30, Max Planck Society31, Tokyo Metropolitan University32, University of Minnesota33, Kumamoto University34, University of Ulm35, Saitama University36
TL;DR: Compared with other sequenced land plants, M. polymorpha exhibits low genetic redundancy in most regulatory pathways, with this portion of its genome resembling that predicted for the ancestral land plant.
774 citations
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TL;DR: The results uncover a previously unknown miRNA-dependent mechanism in neurons and demonstrate a previously unrecognized complexity of mi RNA-dependent control of dendritic spine morphogenesis.
Abstract: The microRNA pathway has been implicated in the regulation of synaptic protein synthesis and ultimately in dendritic spine morphogenesis, a phenomenon associated with long-lasting forms of memory. However, the particular microRNAs (miRNAs) involved are largely unknown. Here we identify specific miRNAs that function at synapses to control dendritic spine structure by performing a functional screen. One of the identified miRNAs, miR-138, is highly enriched in the brain, localized within dendrites and negatively regulates the size of dendritic spines in rat hippocampal neurons. miR-138 controls the expression of acyl protein thioesterase 1 (APT1), an enzyme regulating the palmitoylation status of proteins that are known to function at the synapse, including the alpha(13) subunits of G proteins (Galpha(13)). RNA-interference-mediated knockdown of APT1 and the expression of membrane-localized Galpha(13) both suppress spine enlargement caused by inhibition of miR-138, suggesting that APT1-regulated depalmitoylation of Galpha(13) might be an important downstream event of miR-138 function. Our results uncover a previously unknown miRNA-dependent mechanism in neurons and demonstrate a previously unrecognized complexity of miRNA-dependent control of dendritic spine morphogenesis.
480 citations
Authors
Showing all 209 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Karl Mechtler | 77 | 258 | 29937 |
Magnus Nordborg | 73 | 166 | 22891 |
Liam Dolan | 61 | 175 | 16339 |
Frédéric Berger | 60 | 149 | 11360 |
Robert Giegerich | 42 | 150 | 9781 |
Wolfgang Busch | 40 | 97 | 7860 |
Dieter Schweizer | 38 | 64 | 5559 |
Michael Borg | 36 | 112 | 5101 |
Claudia Jonak | 34 | 59 | 6807 |
Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid | 33 | 67 | 4813 |
Bjarni J. Vilhjálmsson | 32 | 95 | 9401 |
Karel Riha | 29 | 61 | 3166 |
Ales Pecinka | 28 | 70 | 3641 |
Wilfried Rozhon | 28 | 54 | 3101 |
Thomas Greb | 26 | 53 | 3520 |