Institution
Max Planck Society
Nonprofit•Munich, Germany•
About: Max Planck Society is a nonprofit organization based out in Munich, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Galaxy & Population. The organization has 148289 authors who have published 406224 publications receiving 19522268 citations. The organization is also known as: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V. & MPG.
Topics: Galaxy, Population, Star formation, Stars, Magnetic field
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: It is argued that contextual cues should be used as part of deep learning to gain further process understanding of Earth system science problems, improving the predictive ability of seasonal forecasting and modelling of long-range spatial connections across multiple timescales.
Abstract: Machine learning approaches are increasingly used to extract patterns and insights from the ever-increasing stream of geospatial data, but current approaches may not be optimal when system behaviour is dominated by spatial or temporal context. Here, rather than amending classical machine learning, we argue that these contextual cues should be used as part of deep learning (an approach that is able to extract spatio-temporal features automatically) to gain further process understanding of Earth system science problems, improving the predictive ability of seasonal forecasting and modelling of long-range spatial connections across multiple timescales, for example. The next step will be a hybrid modelling approach, coupling physical process models with the versatility of data-driven machine learning.
2,014 citations
••
TL;DR: This work presents an autonomous ordering and assembly of atoms and molecules on atomically well-defined surfaces that combines ease of fabrication with exquisite control over the shape, composition and mesoscale organization of the surface structures formed.
Abstract: The fabrication methods of the microelectronics industry have been refined to produce ever smaller devices, but will soon reach their fundamental limits. A promising alternative route to even smaller functional systems with nanometre dimensions is the autonomous ordering and assembly of atoms and molecules on atomically well-defined surfaces. This approach combines ease of fabrication with exquisite control over the shape, composition and mesoscale organization of the surface structures formed. Once the mechanisms controlling the self-ordering phenomena are fully understood, the self-assembly and growth processes can be steered to create a wide range of surface nanostructures from metallic, semiconducting and molecular materials.
2,013 citations
••
TL;DR: A focus of this review is nuclear export of messenger RNA, which apparently largely relies on export mediators distinct from importin beta-related factors.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract The compartmentation of eukaryotic cells requires all nuclear proteins to be imported from the cytoplasm, whereas, for example, transfer RNAs, messenger RNAs, and ribosomes are made in the nucleus and need to be exported to the cytoplasm. Nuclear import and export proceed through nuclear pore complexes and can occur along a great number of distinct pathways, many of which are mediated by importin β-related nuclear transport receptors. These receptors shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm, and they bind transport substrates either directly or via adapter molecules. They all cooperate with the RanGTPase system to regulate the interactions with their cargoes. Another focus of our review is nuclear export of messenger RNA, which apparently largely relies on export mediators distinct from importin β-related factors. We discuss mechanistic aspects and the energetics of transport receptor function and describe a number of pathways in detail.
2,012 citations
••
Space Telescope Science Institute1, University of California, Santa Cruz2, Johns Hopkins University3, Western Kentucky University4, University of Massachusetts Amherst5, Carnegie Institution for Science6, European Southern Observatory7, Ohio State University8, Rutgers University9, Durham University10, University of Nottingham11, Max Planck Society12, University of Innsbruck13, University of Michigan14, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission15, University of Edinburgh16, Harvard University17, California Institute of Technology18, University of California, Irvine19, Swinburne University of Technology20, University of Arizona21, Goddard Space Flight Center22, Hebrew University of Jerusalem23, Victoria University, Australia24, DSM25, University of California, Berkeley26, Texas A&M University27, University of Notre Dame28, Smithsonian Institution29, Yale University30, University of Missouri–Kansas City31, University of California, Riverside32, Imperial College London33, University of Pittsburgh34, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics35, National Research Council36, Stanford University37
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the Hubble Space Telescope imaging data products and data reduction procedures for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS).
Abstract: This paper describes the Hubble Space Telescope imaging data products and data reduction procedures for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS). This survey is designed to document the evolution of galaxies and black holes at z 1.5-8, and to study Type Ia supernovae at z > 1.5. Five premier multi-wavelength sky regions are selected, each with extensive multi-wavelength observations. The primary CANDELS data consist of imaging obtained in the Wide Field Camera 3 infrared channel (WFC3/IR) and the WFC3 ultraviolet/optical channel, along with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The CANDELS/Deep survey covers ~125 arcmin2 within GOODS-N and GOODS-S, while the remainder consists of the CANDELS/Wide survey, achieving a total of ~800 arcmin2 across GOODS and three additional fields (Extended Groth Strip, COSMOS, and Ultra-Deep Survey). We summarize the observational aspects of the survey as motivated by the scientific goals and present a detailed description of the data reduction procedures and products from the survey. Our data reduction methods utilize the most up-to-date calibration files and image combination procedures. We have paid special attention to correcting a range of instrumental effects, including charge transfer efficiency degradation for ACS, removal of electronic bias-striping present in ACS data after Servicing Mission 4, and persistence effects and other artifacts in WFC3/IR. For each field, we release mosaics for individual epochs and eventual mosaics containing data from all epochs combined, to facilitate photometric variability studies and the deepest possible photometry. A more detailed overview of the science goals and observational design of the survey are presented in a companion paper.
2,011 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the assembly of a massive rich cluster and the formation of its constituent galaxies in a flat, low-density universe is simulated, and the most accurate model follows the collapse, the star formation history and the orbital motion of all galaxies more luminous than the Fornax dwarf spheroidal, while dark halo structure is tracked consistently throughout the cluster.
Abstract: ABSTRA C T We simulate the assembly of a massive rich cluster and the formation of its constituent galaxies in a flat, low-density universe. Our most accurate model follows the collapse, the star formation history and the orbital motion of all galaxies more luminous than the Fornax dwarf spheroidal, while dark halo structure is tracked consistently throughout the cluster for all galaxies more luminous than the SMC. Within its virial radius this model contains about 2 10 7 dark matter particles and almost 5000 distinct dynamically resolved galaxies. Simulations of this same cluster at a variety of resolutions allow us to check explicitly for numerical convergence both of the dark matter structures produced by our new parallel N-body and substructure identification codes, and of the galaxy populations produced by the phenomenological models we use to follow cooling, star formation, feedback and stellar aging. This baryonic modelling is tuned so that our simulations reproduce the observed properties of isolated spirals outside clusters. Without further parameter adjustment our simulations then produce a luminosity function, a mass-to-light ratio, luminosity, number and velocity dispersion profiles, and a morphology ‐radius relation which are similar to those observed in real clusters. In particular, since our simulations follow galaxy merging explicitly, we can demonstrate that it accounts quantitatively for the observed cluster population of bulges and elliptical galaxies.
2,011 citations
Authors
Showing all 148365 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ronald C. Kessler | 274 | 1332 | 328983 |
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Graham A. Colditz | 261 | 1542 | 256034 |
Michael Grätzel | 248 | 1423 | 303599 |
Guido Kroemer | 236 | 1404 | 246571 |
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Matthias Mann | 221 | 887 | 230213 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
Eric N. Olson | 206 | 814 | 144586 |
Ronald M. Evans | 199 | 708 | 166722 |
Hans Clevers | 199 | 793 | 169673 |
Raymond J. Dolan | 196 | 919 | 138540 |
David J. Schlegel | 193 | 600 | 193972 |
Simon D. M. White | 189 | 795 | 231645 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |