Showing papers by "National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine published in 2019"
Duke University1, Bristol-Myers Squibb2, University of Alberta3, University of Toronto4, Russian National Research Medical University5, Uppsala University6, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine7, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven8, University of Sheffield9, Leipzig University10, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy11
TL;DR: In patients with atrial fibrillation and a recent acute coronary syndrome or PCI treated with a P2Y12 inhibitor, an antithrombotic regimen that included apixaban, without aspirin, resulted in less bleeding and fewer hospitalizations without significant differences in the incidence of ischemic events than regimens that included a vitamin K antagonist, aspirin, or both.
Abstract: Background Appropriate antithrombotic regimens for patients with atrial fibrillation who have an acute coronary syndrome or have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are uncl...
742 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a search for invisible decays of a Higgs boson via vector boson fusion is performed using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb(-1).
347 citations
TL;DR: These full-scale demonstration results clearly highlight the operational agriculture monitoring capacity of the Sen2-Agri system to exploit in near real-time the observation acquired by the Sentinel-2 mission over very large areas.
215 citations
TL;DR: A search for Higgs boson pair production using the combined results from four final states: bbγγ, bbττ, bbbb, and bbVV, where V represents a W or Z boson, is performed using data collected in 2016 by the CMS experiment from LHC proton-proton collisions.
Abstract: This Letter describes a search for Higgs boson pair production using the combined results from four final states: bbγγ, bbττ, bbbb, and bbVV, where V represents a W or Z boson. The search is performed using data collected in 2016 by the CMS experiment from LHC proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1. Limits are set on the Higgs boson pair production cross section. A 95% confidence level observed (expected) upper limit on the nonresonant production cross section is set at 22.2 (12.8) times the standard model value. A search for narrow resonances decaying to Higgs boson pairs is also performed in the mass range 250–3000 GeV. No evidence for a signal is observed, and upper limits are set on the resonance production cross section.
169 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors break the symmetry in a dielectric metasurface's unit cell to control Fano resonances originating from quasi-BICs, which can enhance light-matter interaction by orders of magnitude.
Abstract: Optical systems provide a versatile platform for realizing different types of bound states in the continuum (BICs), thanks to advanced nanofabrication for photonic structures on demand. Optical BICs exhibit ultrahigh-$Q$ resonances, which can enhance light-matter interaction by orders of magnitude. Forming BICs in photonic crystals and metamaterials is usually associated with in-plane symmetry breaking, but here the authors break the $o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}u\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\ensuremath{-}o\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}f\ensuremath{-}p\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}l\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}n\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}e$ symmetry in a dielectric metasurface's unit cell to control Fano resonances originating from quasi-BICs. This idea is found to be general, and confirmed experimentally for lattices of particle clusters of different symmetries.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for supersymmetric particles in the final state with multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum was performed using a sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector.
Abstract: Results are reported from a search for supersymmetric particles in the final state with multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum. The search uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 13 TeV collected with the CMS detector in 2016–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{−1}$, representing essentially the full LHC Run 2 data sample. The analysis is performed in a four-dimensional search region defined in terms of the number of jets, the number of tagged bottom quark jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta, and the magnitude of the vector sum of jet transverse momenta. No significant excess in the event yield is observed relative to the expected background contributions from standard model processes. Limits on the pair production of gluinos and squarks are obtained in the framework of simplified models for supersymmetric particle production and decay processes. Assuming the lightest supersymmetric particle to be a neutralino, lower limits on the gluino mass as large as 2000 to 2310 GeV are obtained at 95% confidence level, while lower limits on the squark mass as large as 1190 to 1630 GeV are obtained, depending on the production scenario.
143 citations
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2322 more•Institutions (159)
TL;DR: In this article, the light-by-light scattering process in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV is reported.
139 citations
Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy1, Russian Academy of Sciences2, INAF3, Spanish National Research Council4, Goddard Space Flight Center5, Université Paris-Saclay6, University of Oxford7, Space Science Institute8, University of Winnipeg9, University of Liège10, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine11, Polish Academy of Sciences12, Royal Observatory of Belgium13, Open University14, University of Paris-Sud15, University of Bristol16, York University17, Centre national de la recherche scientifique18, European Space Research and Technology Centre19
TL;DR: The observed changes in H2O and HDO abundance occurred within a few days during the development of the dust storm, suggesting a fast impact of dust storms on the Martian atmosphere.
Abstract: Global dust storms on Mars are rare1,2 but can affect the Martian atmosphere for several months. They can cause changes in atmospheric dynamics and inflation of the atmosphere3, primarily owing to solar heating of the dust3. In turn, changes in atmospheric dynamics can affect the distribution of atmospheric water vapour, with potential implications for the atmospheric photochemistry and climate on Mars4. Recent observations of the water vapour abundance in the Martian atmosphere during dust storm conditions revealed a high-altitude increase in atmospheric water vapour that was more pronounced at high northern latitudes5,6, as well as a decrease in the water column at low latitudes7,8. Here we present concurrent, high-resolution measurements of dust, water and semiheavy water (HDO) at the onset of a global dust storm, obtained by the NOMAD and ACS instruments onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. We report the vertical distribution of the HDO/H2O ratio (D/H) from the planetary boundary layer up to an altitude of 80 kilometres. Our findings suggest that before the onset of the dust storm, HDO abundances were reduced to levels below detectability at altitudes above 40 kilometres. This decrease in HDO coincided with the presence of water-ice clouds. During the storm, an increase in the abundance of H2O and HDO was observed at altitudes between 40 and 80 kilometres. We propose that these increased abundances may be the result of warmer temperatures during the dust storm causing stronger atmospheric circulation and preventing ice cloud formation, which may confine water vapour to lower altitudes through gravitational fall and subsequent sublimation of ice crystals3. The observed changes in H2O and HDO abundance occurred within a few days during the development of the dust storm, suggesting a fast impact of dust storms on the Martian atmosphere.
134 citations
03 Dec 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of nanomaterials in electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors for the detection of small biomolecules, environmental pollutants, food contaminants, and clinical biomarkers.
Abstract: Electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors are one of the largest and commercially successful groups of biosensors. Integration of nanomaterials in the biosensors results in significant improvement of biosensor sensitivity, limit of detection, stability, response rate and other analytical characteristics. Thus, new functional nanomaterials are key components of numerous biosensors. However, due to the great variety of available nanomaterials, they should be carefully selected according to the desired effects. The present review covers the recent applications of various types of nanomaterials in electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors for the detection of small biomolecules, environmental pollutants, food contaminants, and clinical biomarkers. Benefits and limitations of using nanomaterials for analytical purposes are discussed. Furthermore, we highlight specific properties of different nanomaterials, which are relevant to electrochemical biosensors. The review is structured according to the types of nanomaterials. We describe the application of inorganic nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs), zeolites, inorganic quantum dots, and organic nanomaterials, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), carbon and graphene quantum dots, graphene, fullerenes, and calixarenes. Usage of composite nanomaterials is also presented.
111 citations
Russian Academy of Sciences1, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy2, Université Paris-Saclay3, Centre national de la recherche scientifique4, University of Oxford5, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine6, Open University7, INAF8, Spanish National Research Council9, National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology10, Babeș-Bolyai University11, European Space Research and Technology Centre12
TL;DR: Highly sensitive measurements of the atmosphere of Mars with the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter do not detect any methane over a range of latitudes in both hemispheres, in contrast to previous local or remote detections.
Abstract: The detection of methane on Mars has been interpreted as indicating that geochemical or biotic activities could persist on Mars today1. A number of different measurements of methane show evidence of transient, locally elevated methane concentrations and seasonal variations in background methane concentrations2,3,4,5. These measurements, however, are difficult to reconcile with our current understanding of the chemistry and physics of the Martian atmosphere6,7, which—given methane’s lifetime of several centuries—predicts an even, well mixed distribution of methane1,6,8. Here we report highly sensitive measurements of the atmosphere of Mars in an attempt to detect methane, using the ACS and NOMAD instruments onboard the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter from April to August 2018. We did not detect any methane over a range of latitudes in both hemispheres, obtaining an upper limit for methane of about 0.05 parts per billion by volume, which is 10 to 100 times lower than previously reported positive detections2,4. We suggest that reconciliation between the present findings and the background methane concentrations found in the Gale crater4 would require an unknown process that can rapidly remove or sequester methane from the lower atmosphere before it spreads globally.
111 citations
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Dave M Newbold4 +2319 more•Institutions (158)
TL;DR: In this article, a search for direct production of the supersymmetric partners of electrons or muons is presented in final states with two opposite-charge, same-flavour leptons (electrons and muons), no jets, and large missing transverse momentum.
University of Oxford1, Queen Mary University of London2, University of Mainz3, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut4, University of York5, Texas A&M University6, Trinity College, Dublin7, Natural History Museum8, University of Michigan9, Massachusetts Institute of Technology10, Durham University11, Centre national de la recherche scientifique12, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki13, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill14, Stockholm University15, Russian Academy of Sciences16, University of Edinburgh17, Columbia University18, University of Belgrade19, University of Groningen20, University of Burgos21, Wageningen University and Research Centre22, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences23, University of Lisbon24, University of Huddersfield25, Gazi University26, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University27, University of Naples Federico II28, Graduate University for Advanced Studies29, Hebrew University of Jerusalem30, University of Liverpool31, Queen's University Belfast32, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań33, University of Reading34, Lithuanian Institute of History35, Goethe University Frankfurt36, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources37, University of Queensland38, University of Kent39, City University of New York40, University of Liège41, Free University of Berlin42, University College London43, University of Vienna44, University of Toulouse45, Simon Fraser University46, University of Siena47, Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart48, Bournemouth University49, University of Cambridge50, La Trobe University51, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine52, University of Copenhagen53, Norwegian University of Science and Technology54, University of Basel55, National Museum of Natural History56, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich57, University of Aberdeen58, University of Montpellier59, Liverpool John Moores University60
TL;DR: This paper showed that European domestic pigs dating from 7,100 to 6,000 y BP possessed both Near Eastern and European nuclear ancestry, while later pigs possessed no more than 4% Near Eastern ancestry, indicating that gene flow from European wild boars resulted in a near complete disappearance of Near East ancestry.
Abstract: Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in the Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests that pigs arrived in Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 y BP. A few thousand years after the introduction of Near Eastern pigs into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared and was replaced by haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for by substantial gene flow from local European wild boars, although it is also possible that European wild boars were domesticated independently without any genetic contribution from the Near East. To test these hypotheses, we obtained mtDNA sequences from 2,099 modern and ancient pig samples and 63 nuclear ancient genomes from Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses revealed that European domestic pigs dating from 7,100 to 6,000 y BP possessed both Near Eastern and European nuclear ancestry, while later pigs possessed no more than 4% Near Eastern ancestry, indicating that gene flow from European wild boars resulted in a near-complete disappearance of Near East ancestry. In addition, we demonstrate that a variant at a locus encoding black coat color likely originated in the Near East and persisted in European pigs. Altogether, our results indicate that while pigs were not independently domesticated in Europe, the vast majority of human-mediated selection over the past 5,000 y focused on the genomic fraction derived from the European wild boars, and not on the fraction that was selected by early Neolithic farmers over the first 2,500 y of the domestication process.
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2308 more•Institutions (156)
TL;DR: In this paper, the nuclear modification factors, derived from the PbPb-to-p p ratio of yields for each state, were studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as collision centrality.
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis1, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine2, Université catholique de Louvain3, VU University Amsterdam4, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology5, Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission6, Gauhati University7, Kumaun University8, Moscow State Forest University9, University of Canterbury10
TL;DR: A campaign was run in June 2017, where participants were asked to visually interpret very high resolution satellite imagery from Google Maps and Bing using the Geo‐Wiki application, which produced the most accurate global field size map to date.
Abstract: There is increasing evidence that smallholder farms contribute substantially to food production globally yet spatially explicit data on agricultural field sizes are currently lacking. Automated field size delineation using remote sensing or the estimation of average farm size at subnational level using census data are two approaches that have been used but both have limitations, e.g. limited geographical coverage by remote sensing or coarse spatial resolution when using census data. This paper demonstrates another approach to quantifying and mapping field size globally using crowdsourcing. A campaign was run in June 2017 where participants were asked to visually interpret very high resolution satellite imagery from Google Maps and Bing using the Geo-Wiki application. During the campaign, participants collected field size data for 130K unique locations around the globe. Using this sample, we have produced an improved global field size map (over the previous version) and estimated the percentage of different field sizes, ranging from very small to very large, in agricultural areas at global, continental and national levels. The results show that smallholder farms occupy no more than 40% of agricultural areas, which means that, potentially, there are much more smallholder farms in comparison with the current global estimate of 12%. The global field size map and the crowdsourced data set are openly available and can be used for integrated assessment modelling, comparative studies of agricultural dynamics across different contexts and contribute to SDG 2, among many others.
TL;DR: In this paper, a high-resolution numerical study of the phase-space diversity in an isolated Milky Way-type galaxy is presented, where the authors use a self-consistent N-body simulation of an isolated galaxy to show that the phasespace spirals develop naturally from vertical oscillations driven by the buckling of the stellar bar.
Abstract: We present a high-resolution numerical study of the phase-space diversity in an isolated Milky Way-type galaxy. Using a single N -body simulation (N ≈ 0.14 × 109 ) we explore the formation, evolution, and spatial variation of the phase-space spirals similar to those recently discovered by Antoja et al. in the Milky Way disk with Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). For the first time in the literature we use a self-consistent N -body simulation of an isolated Milky Way-type galaxy to show that the phase-space spirals develop naturally from vertical oscillations driven by the buckling of the stellar bar. Thus, we claim that the physical mechanism standing behind the observed incomplete phase-space mixing process can be internal and not necessarily due to the perturbation induced by a massive satellite. In our model, the bending oscillations propagate outward and produce axisymmetric variations of the mean vertical coordinate and vertical velocity component of about 100 − 200 pc and 1 − 2 km s−1 , respectively. As a consequence, the phase-space wrapping results in the formation of patterns with various morphologies across the disk, depending on the bar orientation, distance to the galactic center, and time elapsed since the bar buckling. Once bending waves appear, they are supported for a long time via disk self-gravity. Such vertical oscillations trigger the formation of various time-dependent phase-space spirals in the entire disk. The underlying physical mechanism implies the link between in-plane and vertical motion that leads directly to phase-space structures whose amplitude and shape are in remarkable agreement with those of the phase-space spirals observed in the Milky Way disk. In our isolated galaxy simulation, phase-space spirals are still distinguishable at the solar neighborhood 3 Gyr after the buckling phase. The long-lived character of the phase-space spirals generated by the bar buckling instability cast doubts on the timing argument used so far to get back to the time of the onset of the perturbation: phase-space spirals may have been caused by perturbations originated several gigayearrs ago, and not as recent as suggested so far.
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2392 more•Institutions (195)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search is performed for a heavy Majorana neutrino (N), produced in leptonic decay of a W boson propagator and decaying into a W-broson and a lepton, with the CMS detector at the LHC.
Abstract: A search is performed for a heavy Majorana neutrino (N), produced in leptonic decay of a W boson propagator and decaying into a W boson and a lepton, with the CMS detector at the LHC. The signature used in this search consists of two same-sign leptons, in any flavor combination of electrons and muons, and at least one jet. The data were collected during 2016 in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The results are found to be consistent with the expected standard model background. Upper limits are set in the mass range between 20 and 1600 GeV in the context of a Type-I seesaw mechanism, on |V-eN|(2), |V-N|(2), and |VeNV *|(2)/(|V-eN|(2)+|V-N|(2)), where V-N is the matrix element describing the mixing of N with the standard model neutrino of flavor = e, . For N masses between 20 and 1600 GeV, the upper limits on |V-N|(2) range between 2.3 x 10(-5) and unity. These are the most restrictive direct limits for heavy Majorana neutrino masses above 430 GeV.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the observed anticorrelation of the integrated X-ray luminosity per unit of star formation rate (L X /SFR) with metallicity and other empirical data from the well-studied galaxy I Zw 18 to conclude that high-mass Xray binaries are the main source of nebular He´II emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies.
Abstract: The origin of nebular He II emission, which is frequently observed in low-metallicity (O/H) star-forming galaxies, remains largely an unsolved question. Using the observed anticorrelation of the integrated X-ray luminosity per unit of star formation rate (L X /SFR) of an X-ray binary population with metallicity and other empirical data from the well-studied galaxy I Zw 18, we show that the observed He II λ 4686 intensity and its trend with metallicity is naturally reproduced if the bulk of He+ ionizing photons are emitted by the X-ray sources. We also show that a combination of X-ray binary population models with normal single and/or binary stellar models reproduces the observed I (4686)/I (Hβ ) intensities and its dependency on metallicity and age. We conclude that both empirical data and theoretical models suggest that high-mass X-ray binaries are the main source of nebular He II emission in low-metallicity star-forming galaxies.
Yale University1, European Southern Observatory2, Massachusetts Institute of Technology3, NASA Exoplanet Science Institute4, California Institute of Technology5, Georgia State University6, Max Planck Society7, Harvard University8, Wesleyan University9, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile10, Millennium Institute11, Chinese Academy of Sciences12, University of Southern Queensland13, Nanjing University14, Technical University of Denmark15, Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network16, University of Colorado Boulder17, University of California, Berkeley18, Tel Aviv University19, Vanderbilt University20, Heidelberg University21, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine22, Princeton University23, Ames Research Center24, Goddard Space Flight Center25, Search for extraterrestrial intelligence26, Fisk University27
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the first confirmation of a hot Jupiter discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission: HD 202772A b. The transit signal was detected in the data from TESS Sector 1 and was confirmed to be of planetary origin through radial velocity (RV) measurements.
Abstract: We report the first confirmation of a hot Jupiter discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission: HD 202772A b. The transit signal was detected in the data from TESS Sector 1, and was confirmed to be of planetary origin through radial velocity (RV) measurements. HD 202772A b is orbiting a mildly evolved star with a period of 3.3 days. With an apparent magnitude of V = 8.3, the star is among the brightest and most massive known to host a hot Jupiter. Based on the 27 days of TESS photometry and RV data from the CHIRON, HARPS, and Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph, the planet has a mass of 1.017^(+0.070)_(-0.068) M_J and radius of 1.545^(+0.052)_(-0.060) R_J, making it an inflated gas giant. HD 202772A b is a rare example of a transiting hot Jupiter around a quickly evolving star. It is also one of the most strongly irradiated hot Jupiters currently known.
TL;DR: A push-pull dioxaborine probe for biomembranes and lipid droplets featuring strong solvatochromism in the far-red to near-infrared region, high fluorescence brightness, photostability, and two-photon absorption cross section is developed, which reveals that starvation and oxidative stress produce an increase in the local polarity.
Abstract: Can polarity-sensitive fluorescent dyes monitor the response of live cells to fundamental stress conditions, such as deprivation from nutrition and oxidative stress? To address this question, we developed a push-pull dioxaborine probe (DXB-NIR) for biomembranes and lipid droplets featuring strong solvatochromism in the far-red to near-infrared region, high fluorescence brightness, photostability, and two-photon absorption cross section, reaching 13800 GM at 930 nm. In model membranes, DXB-NIR exhibits unprecedented 80 nm shift between liquid ordered and disordered membrane phases, allowing robust imaging of separated membrane microdomains. Two-color imaging of live cells with DXB-NIR enables polarity mapping in plasma membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid droplets, which reveals that starvation and oxidative stress produce an increase in the local polarity, and this change is different for each of the studied cell compartments. Thus, by pushing the limits of existing solvatochromic dyes, we introduce a concept of polarity mapping for monitoring the response of cells to stress.
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya, Wagner Carvalho3 +2287 more•Institutions (162)
TL;DR: Signals consistent with the B-c(+)(2S) and Bc*(+)/2S states are observed in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, in an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 143 fb(-1), collected by the CMS experiment during the 2015-2018 LHC running periods as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Signals consistent with the B-c(+)(2S) and B-c*(+)(2S) states are observed in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, in an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 143 fb(-1), collected by the CMS experiment during the 2015-2018 LHC running periods. These excited (b) over barc states are observed in the B-c(+)pi(+)pi(-) invariant mass spectrum, with the ground state B-c(+) reconstructed through its decay to J/psi pi(+). The two states are reconstructed as two well-resolved peaks, separated in mass by 29.1 +/- 1.5(stat) +/- 0.7(syst) MeV. The observation of two peaks, rather than one, is established with a significance exceeding five standard deviations. The mass of the B-c(+)(2S) meson is measured to be 6871.0 +/- 1.2(stat) +/- 0.8(syst) +/- 0.8(B-c(+)) MeV, where the last term corresponds to the uncertainty in the world-average B-c(+) mass.
TL;DR: Electrochemical biosensors for the determination of lactate (lactic acid) and pyruvate (pyruvic acid) concentrations in liquid samples, especially in the blood serum are analyzed.
Abstract: This review analyzes electrochemical biosensors for the determination of lactate (lactic acid) and pyruvate (pyruvic acid) concentrations in liquid samples, especially in the blood serum. The biosensor systems for the simultaneous determination of both substances and commercial variants of the biosensors are presented, and the biosensors for medical diagnostics are highlighted. The information concerning the necessity of separate and simultaneous determination of lactate and pyruvate, as well as lactate to pyruvate ratio, is given; the traditional methods for the determination of these substances are briefly described. Lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidase are shown to be most commonly used in the biosensors for lactate detection. Pyruvate oxidase and living cells are used in the biosensors for pyruvate detection. Different methods of the enzymes immobilization are presented, as well as strategies for enhancement of the biosensor sensitivity. An additional requirement for practical applications is the biosensor resistance to electroactive interferents, inhibitors, biofouling, and electrode passivation; thus, the variants of solving these problems in the biosensors for lactate and pyruvate detection are analyzed.
Shreyasi Acharya1, Dagmar Adamová2, Souvik Priyam Adhya1, Alexander Adler3 +1042 more•Institutions (102)
TL;DR: The observed long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations in high multiplicity pp and p-Pb collisions can neither be described by pythia 8 nor by impact-parameter-Glasma, music, and ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model calculations, and hence, provide new insights into the understanding of collective effects in small collision systems.
Abstract: Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients (vn) and their cross-correlations using two- and multiparticle cumulant methods are reported in collisions of pp at √s=13 TeV, p−Pb at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair √sNN=5.02 TeV, Xe-Xe at √sNN=5.44 TeV, and Pb-Pb at √sNN=5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. The multiplicity dependence of vn is studied in a very wide range from 20 to 3000 particles produced in the midrapidity region |η| v3>v4 is found in pp and p−Pb collisions, similar to that seen in large collision systems, while a weak v2 multiplicity dependence is observed relative to nucleus-nucleus collisions in the same multiplicity range. Using a novel subevent method, v2 measured with four-particle cumulants is found to be compatible with that from six-particle cumulants in pp and p−Pb collisions. The magnitude of the correlation between v2n and v2m, evaluated with the symmetric cumulants SC(m, n) is observed to be positive at all multiplicities for v2 and v4, while for v2 and v3 it is negative and changes sign for multiplicities below 100, which may indicate a different vn fluctuation pattern in this multiplicity range. The observed long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations in high multiplicity pp and p−Pb collisions can neither be described by pythia 8 nor by impact-parameter-Glasma, music, and ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model calculations, and hence, provide new insights into the understanding of collective effects in small collision systems.
TL;DR: In this article, the fabrication of the metasurface and its experimental characterization in the ITMO University have been supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 61590930, 21473076, 61605055, and 61435005).
Abstract: Y.S.K. acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council and
useful discussions and collaboration with S. Lepeshov and A. Krasnok;
S.X. thanks helpful discussions with X.-H. Shi and acknowledges the
support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
(Grant No. 61805097) and from the Jilin University (Grants Nos.
4190805007B4 and 451180501I11); the fabrication of the metasurface
Design ① and its experimental characterization in the ITMO University
have been supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant Nos.
17-19-01731); H.-B.S. acknowledges support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 61590930, 21473076,
61605055, and 61435005) and National Key R&D Program of China
(grant 2017YFB1104300).
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2330 more•Institutions (158)
TL;DR: The results of a search for a standard model-like Higgs boson decaying into two photons are presented in this paper, where the expected and observed 95% confidence level upper limits on the product of the cross section and branching fraction into two photon are presented.
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2320 more•Institutions (162)
TL;DR: In this article, a search for anomalous electroweak production of WW, WZ, and ZZ boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV at the LHC is reported.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for charged Higgs bosons in the H$−−1−ε decay mode in the hadronic final state and in final states with an electron or a muon is presented.
Abstract: A search is presented for charged Higgs bosons in the H$^{±}$ → τ$^{±}$ν$_{τ}$ decay mode in the hadronic final state and in final states with an electron or a muon. The search is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$. The results agree with the background expectation from the standard model. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching fraction to τ$^{±}$ν$_{τ}$ for an H$^{±}$ in the mass range of 80GeV to 3TeV, including the region near the top quark mass. The observed limit ranges from 6 pb at 80 GeV to 5 fb at 3 TeV. The limits are interpreted in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model m$_{h}^{hod −}$ scenario.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the differential cross sections of Z bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and decaying to muons and electrons, and compared the results to theoretical predictions using fixed order, resummed, and parton shower calculations.
Abstract: Measurements are presented of the differential cross sections for Z bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$
= 13 TeV and decaying to muons and electrons. The data analyzed were collected in 2016 with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The measured fiducial inclusive product of cross section and branching fraction agrees with next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations. Differential cross sections of the transverse momentum pT, the optimized angular variable $$ {\phi}_{\eta}^{\ast } $$
, and the rapidity of lepton pairs are measured. The data are corrected for detector effects and compared to theoretical predictions using fixed order, resummed, and parton shower calculations. The uncertainties of the measured normalized cross sections are smaller than 0.5% for $$ {\phi}_{\eta}^{\ast } $$
< 0.5 and for $$ {p}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{Z}} $$
< 50 GeV.
Albert M. Sirunyan, Robin Erbacher1, C. A. Carrillo Montoya2, Wagner Carvalho3 +2314 more•Institutions (160)
TL;DR: In this paper, the Higgs transverse momentum spectrum was used to place limits on the top, bottom, and charm quarks, as well as its direct coupling to the gluon field.
Albert M. Sirunyan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Wagner Carvalho4 +2308 more•Institutions (159)
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for exotic decays of the Higgs boson to a pair of light pseudoscalar particles a1 is performed under the hypothesis that one of the pseudo-calars decays to pair of opposite sign muons and the other decays bb.