Institution
New England Aquarium
Archive•Boston, Massachusetts, United States•
About: New England Aquarium is a archive organization based out in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Right whale & Population. The organization has 214 authors who have published 483 publications receiving 16520 citations.
Topics: Right whale, Population, Whale, Cetacea, Bycatch
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of California, Santa Barbara1, Oregon State University2, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration3, Conservation International4, University of British Columbia5, Duke University6, University of Alaska Fairbanks7, Stanford University8, University of South Florida9, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution10, Brown University11, University of Washington12, University of Minnesota13, New England Aquarium14, Rutgers University15
TL;DR: An index comprising ten diverse public goals for a healthy coupled human–ocean system and calculated the index for every coastal country provides a powerful tool to raise public awareness, direct resource management, improve policy and prioritize scientific research.
Abstract: The ocean plays a critical role in supporting human well-being, from providing food, livelihoods and recreational opportunities to regulating the global climate. Sustainable management aimed at maintaining the flow of a broad range of benefits from the ocean requires a comprehensive and quantitative method to measure and monitor the health of coupled human–ocean systems. We created an index comprising ten diverse public goals for a healthy coupled human–ocean system and calculated the index for every coastal country. Globally, the overall index score was 60 out of 100 (range 36–86), with developed countries generally performing better than developing countries, but with notable exceptions. Only 5% of countries scored higher than 70, whereas 32% scored lower than 50. The index provides a powerful tool to raise public awareness, direct resource management, improve policy and prioritize scientific research.
734 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors search historical records and computerized stranding databases for evidence of ship strikes involving great whales (i.e., baleen whales and the sperm whale).
Abstract: Although collisions with motorized ships are a recognized source of whale mortality, little has been done to compile information on the frequency of their occurrence or contributing factors. We searched historical records and computerized stranding databases for evidence of ship strikes involving great whales (i.e., baleen whales and the sperm whale). Historical records suggest that ship strikes fatal to whales first occurred late in the 1800s as ships began to reach speeds of 13-15 kn, remained infrequent until about 1950, and then increased during the 1950s-1970s as the number and speed of ships in creased. Of 11 species known to be hit by ships, fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) are struck most frequently; right whales (Eubalae1la glacialis and E. allStralis), humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), sperm whales (Physeter catodon), and gray whales (Eschrichtius robustllS) are hit commonly. In some areas, one-third of all fin whale and right whale strandings appear to involve ship strikes. To assess contributing factors, we compiled descriptions of 58 collisions. They indicate that all sizes and types of vessels can hit whales;
524 citations
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TL;DR: Reduced ship traffic in the Bay of Fundy, Canada, following the events of 11 September 2001, resulted in a 6 dB decrease in underwater noise with a significant reduction below 150 Hz, which is the first evidence that exposure to low-frequency ship noise may be associated with chronic stress in whales.
Abstract: Baleen whales (Mysticeti) communicate using low-frequency acoustic signals. These long-wavelength sounds can be detected over hundreds of kilometres, potentially allowing contact over large distances. Low-frequency noise from large ships (20-200 Hz) overlaps acoustic signals used by baleen whales, and increased levels of underwater noise have been documented in areas with high shipping traffic. Reported responses of whales to increased noise include: habitat displacement, behavioural changes and alterations in the intensity, frequency and intervals of calls. However, it has been unclear whether exposure to noise results in physiological responses that may lead to significant consequences for individuals or populations. Here, we show that reduced ship traffic in the Bay of Fundy, Canada, following the events of 11 September 2001, resulted in a 6 dB decrease in underwater noise with a significant reduction below 150 Hz. This noise reduction was associated with decreased baseline levels of stress-related faecal hormone metabolites (glucocorticoids) in North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis). This is the first evidence that exposure to low-frequency ship noise may be associated with chronic stress in whales, and has implications for all baleen whales in heavy ship traffic areas, and for recovery of this endangered right whale population.
467 citations
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TL;DR: The survival of North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) is seriously threatened by mortality caused by ships and entanglements in fishing gear as discussed by the authors. But despite efforts to reduce anthropogenic mortalities, and in spite of recent increases in calving, the survival of right whales is still threatened.
Abstract: The survival of North Atlantic right whales ( Eubalaena glacialis ) is seriously threatened by mortality caused by ships and entanglements in fishing gear. Demographic modeling indicates that the population is declining despite efforts to reduce anthropogenic mortalities, and in spite of recent increases in calving. The authors of this
Policy Forum
recommend immediate emergency management actions to reduce shipping and entanglement mortalities in right whales, so as to avoid a catastrophic population decline and inevitable extinction.
308 citations
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TL;DR: The similarities between this epizootic and other seal mortalities in the past suggest that these events may be linked by common biological and environmental factors.
Abstract: More than 400 harbor seals, most of them immature, died along the New England coast between December 1979 and October 1980 of acute pneumonia associated with influenza virus, A/Seal/Mass/1/180 (H7N7). The virus has avian characteristics, replicates principally in mammals, and causes mild respiratory disease in experimentally infected seals. Concurrent infection with a previously undescribed mycoplasma or adverse environmental conditions may have triggered the epizootic. The similarities between this epizootic and other seal mortalities in the past suggest that these events may be linked by common biological and environmental factors.
297 citations
Authors
Showing all 216 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Andrew S. Cohen | 50 | 209 | 9078 |
Les Kaufman | 43 | 133 | 7207 |
Molly Lutcavage | 40 | 84 | 4563 |
David Obura | 40 | 145 | 9157 |
Kenneth Kustin | 39 | 206 | 4946 |
Peter J. Corkeron | 39 | 94 | 4282 |
Robert J. Cooper | 38 | 175 | 5572 |
Scott D. Kraus | 37 | 110 | 5088 |
John Pierce Wise | 36 | 136 | 4217 |
Roxanna Smolowitz | 31 | 84 | 2743 |
Kathleen E. Hunt | 31 | 72 | 3724 |
Michael F. Tlusty | 30 | 84 | 2538 |
Robert S. Schick | 26 | 55 | 2644 |
Rosalind M. Rolland | 25 | 52 | 2455 |
Amy R. Knowlton | 25 | 51 | 2655 |