Oita University

About: Oita University is a education organization based out in Ōita, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Helicobacter pylori & Cancer. The organization has 4566 authors who have published 8666 publications receiving 142963 citations. The organization is also known as: Ōita daigaku.

Multicenter collaborative retrospective evaluation of peroral endoscopic myotomy for esophageal achalasia: analysis of data from more than 1300 patients at eight facilities in Japan.

Abstract: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a novel, minimally invasive treatment for esophageal achalasia. We retrospectively examined and evaluated the results following POEM to verify the technique’s efficacy and safety. We retrospectively analyzed data for patients who underwent POEM at eight Japanese facilities between September 2008 and October 2015. Pre- and postoperative assessments 3 months and 1 year after POEM included patient interviews, endoscopy, and manometry. A total of 1346 patients underwent POEM during the study period. Achalasia was the straight type in 1105 patients (82%) and the sigmoid type in 241 patients (18%). The average patient age was 47.2 years (range 3–95 years); 617 patients (46%) were men and 729 (54%) were women. Previous treatment included balloon dilatation in 381 patients (28%) and Heller–Dor operation in 43 patients (3%). The average operation time was 99.6 min. The mean length of the myotomy in the esophageal body was 10.8 cm, and the myotomy extended into the stomach a mean of 2.8 cm. The response rate (Eckardt score ≤ 3) was 95.1% 3 months postoperatively and 94.7% 1 year postoperatively. We noted 50 adverse events (3.7%) of Clavien–Dindo classification grade ≤ IIIa, and all resolved with conservative treatment. There were no Clavien–Dindo classification grade ≥ IIIb adverse events. After POEM, erosive esophagitis according to the Los Angeles classification was absent in 37% of the patients, grade A in 33%, B in 24%, C in 6%, and D in 0.2%. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease after POEM was confirmed in 14.8% of the patients; both erosive esophagitis and symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease responded to treatment with a proton-pump inhibitor. Our results confirmed the safety and efficacy of POEM in a large patient series and support POEM as the first-line and standard treatment for esophageal achalasia.

SEROPREVALENCE OF IgG SPECIFIC FOR DENGUE VIRUS AMONG ADULTS AND CHILDREN IN SANTO DOMINGO, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

Abstract: The seroprevalence of dengue (DEN) virusspecific IgG was determined by enzyme-linked immunosor- bent assay among 1,008 adults recruited at blood banks and among 201 children less than 10 years old visiting a hospital in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Most (98%, 987 of 1,008) of the adults and 56% (113 of 201) of the children were positive for DEN virus-specific IgG. Among adults, there were no significant differences in the prevalence by age, sex, and residential area of the participants. Among children, the prevalence of DEN virus-specific IgG increased with age (1�2 years old, 0�5%; 3�6 years old, 25�65%; and 7 years old, 76�92%). The prevalence in 50% of those less than one year of age was probably due to maternal antibody transfer. Neutralization tests of adult samples indicate that DEN virus infections with different serotypes have occurred sequentially or simultaneously among the inhabitants of Santo Domingo.

Helicobacter pylori Virulence Factor Cytotoxin-Associated Gene A (CagA)-Mediated Gastric Pathogenicity.

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori causes persistent infection in the gastric epithelium of more than half of the world’s population, leading to the development of severe complications such as peptic ulcer diseases, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Several virulence factors, including cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), which is translocated into the gastric epithelium via the type 4 secretory system (T4SS), have been indicated to play a vital role in disease development. Although infection with strains harboring the East Asian type of CagA possessing the EPIYA-A, -B, and -D sequences has been found to potentiate cell proliferation and disease pathogenicity, the exact mechanism of CagA involvement in disease severity still remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we discuss the possible role of CagA in gastric pathogenicity.

Immunohistochemical analysis-based proteomic subclassification of newly diagnosed glioblastomas

Abstract: Recent gene expression and copy number profilings of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network suggest the existence of distinct subtypes of this tumor However, these approaches might not be easily applicable in routine clinical practice In the current study, we aimed to establish a proteomics-based subclassification of GBM by integrating their genomic and epigenomic profiles We subclassified 79 newly diagnosed GBM based on expression patterns determined by comprehensive immunohistochemical observation in combination with their DNA copy number and DNA methylation patterns The clinical relevance of our classification was independently validated in TCGA datasets Consensus clustering identified the four distinct GBM subtypes: Oligodendrocyte Precursor (OPC) type, Differentiated Oligodendrocyte (DOC) type, Astrocytic Mesenchymal (AsMes) type and Mixed type The OPC type was characterized by highly positive scores of Olig2, PDGFRA, p16, p53 and synaptophysin In contrast, the AsMes type was strongly associated with strong expressions of nestin, CD44 and podoplanin, with a high glial fibrillary acidic protein score The median overall survival of OPC-type patients was significantly longer than that of the AsMes-type patients (199 vs 128 months) This finding was in agreement with the Oncomine analysis of TCGA datasets, which revealed that PDGFRA and Olig2 were favorable prognostic factors and podoplanin and CD44 were associated with a poor clinical outcome This is the first study to establish a subclassification of GBM on the basis of immunohistochemical analysis Our study will shed light on personalized therapies that might be feasible in daily neuropathological practice