A Review of Fire Interactions and Mass Fires
Mark A. Finney,Sara McAllister +1 more
TLDR
A review of the detailed effects of fire-fire interaction in terms of merging or coalescence criteria, burning rates, flame dimensions, flame temperature, indraft velocity, pulsation, and convection column dynamics is presented in this article.Abstract:
The character of a wildland fire can change dramatically in the presence of another nearby fire. Understanding and predicting the changes in behavior due to fire-fire interactions cannot only be life-saving to those on the ground, but also be used to better control a prescribed fire to meet objectives. In discontinuous fuel types, such interactions may elicit fire spread where none otherwise existed. Fire-fire interactions occur naturally when spot fires start ahead of the main fire and when separate fire events converge in one location. Interactions can be created intentionally during prescribed fires by using spatial ignition patterns. Mass fires are among the most extreme examples of interactive behavior. This paper presents a review of the detailed effects of fire-fire interaction in terms of merging or coalescence criteria, burning rates, flame dimensions, flame temperature, indraft velocity, pulsation, and convection column dynamics. Though relevant in many situations, these changes in fire behavior have yet to be included in any operational-fire models or decision support systems.read more
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Drought, tree mortality, and wildfire in forests adapted to frequent fire
Scott L. Stephens,Brandon M. Collins,Christopher J. Fettig,Mark A. Finney,Chad M. Hoffman,Eric E. Knapp,Malcolm P. North,Hugh D. Safford,Hugh D. Safford,Rebecca Bewley Wayman +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the importance of moving beyond triage of dead and dying trees to making "green" (live) forests more resilient to climate change and highlight the need to move beyond triaging of dead or dying trees.
Journal ArticleDOI
Examining Historical and Current Mixed-Severity Fire Regimes in Ponderosa Pine and Mixed-Conifer Forests of Western North America
Dennis C. Odion,Chad T. Hanson,André Arsenault,William L. Baker,Dominick A. DellaSala,Richard L. Hutto,Walt Klenner,Max A. Moritz,Rosemary L. Sherriff,Thomas T. Veblen,Mark A. Williams +10 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that ecological management goals that incorporate successional diversity created by fire may support characteristic biodiversity, whereas current attempts to “restore” forests to open, low-severity fire conditions may not align with historical reference conditions in most ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer forests of western North America.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of air entrainment on the height of buoyant turbulent diffusion flames for two fires in open space
TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative analysis and interpretation on the effect of air entrainment on the height of buoyant turbulent diffusion flames for multiple fires in open space was presented, where two identical gas burners with the same heat release rate (HRR) were used as fire sources.
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Prior wildfires influence burn severity of subsequent large fires
TL;DR: This paper examined how previous burn severity, topography, vegetation, and weather influenced burn severity on four wildfires, two in Idaho, one in Washington, and one in British Columbia, and found that areas burned in the last three decades, at any severity, had significantly lower severity in the subsequent fire.
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K-Pg extinction: Reevaluation of the heat-fire hypothesis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the apparent charcoal depletion in the Cretaceous-Paleogene layer has been misinterpreted due to the failure to correct properly for sediment deposition rates, and that the mass of soot potentially released from the impact site is far too low to supply the observed soot.
References
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James G. Quintiere,B.S. Grove +1 more
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