Journal ArticleDOI
Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi
TLDR
Methods developed for testing filamentous fungi (molds) include standardized broth microdilution methods and disk diffusion methods and the link between resistance molecular mechanisms, elevated MICs, and clinical treatment failure has been documented.Abstract:
Methods developed for testing filamentous fungi (molds) include standardized broth microdilution (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [CLSI] and European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing [AFST-EUCAST]) methods and disk diffusion (CLSI) methods. Quality control limits also are available from CLSI for MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration), MEC (minimal effective concentration), and zone diameters. Although clinical breakpoints based on correlations of in vitro results with clinical outcome have not been established, epidemiologic cutoff values have been defined for six Aspergillus species and the triazoles, caspofungin, and amphotericin B. The link between resistance molecular mechanisms, elevated MICs, and clinical treatment failure has also been documented, especially for Aspergillus and the triazoles. Other insights into the potential clinical value of high MICs have also been reported. Various commercial methods (e.g., YeastOne, Etest, and Neo-Sensitabs) have been evaluated in comparison with reference methods. This review summarizes and discusses these developments.read more
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ESCMID† and ECMM‡ joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis 2013
Oliver A. Cornely,S. Arikan-Akdagli,Eric Dannaoui,Andreas H. Groll,Katrien Lagrou,Arunaloke Chakrabarti,Fanny Lanternier,Fanny Lanternier,Livio Pagano,Anna Skiada,Murat Akova,Maiken Cavling Arendrup,Teun Boekhout,Teun Boekhout,Anuradha Chowdhary,Manuel Cuenca-Estrella,Tomáš Freiberger,Jesús Guinea,Josep Guarro,S. de Hoog,William W. Hope,Elizabeth M. Johnson,Shallu Kathuria,Michaela Lackner,Cornelia Lass-Flörl,O. Lortholary,Jacques F. Meis,Joseph Meletiadis,Patricia Muñoz,Malcolm Richardson,Emmanuel Roilides,Anna Maria Tortorano,Andrew J. Ullmann,A.D. van Diepeningen,Paul E. Verweij,George Petrikkos +35 more
TL;DR: These European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and European Confederation of Medical Mycology Joint Clinical Guidelines focus on the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis and strongly recommend continuing treatment until complete response demonstrated on imaging and permanent reversal of predisposing factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antifungal activity of chitosan nanoparticles and correlation with their physical properties.
TL;DR: Chitosan nanoparticles prepared from different concentrations of LMW and HMW were found to serve a better inhibitory activity against Candida albicans, Fusarium solani and Aspergillus niger, and the parent compound could be formulated and applied as a natural antifungal agent into nanoparticles form to enhance its antIFungal activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Invasive fusariosis in patients with hematologic malignancies at a cancer center: 1998–2009
Marcela Campo,Russell E. Lewis,Russell E. Lewis,Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis,Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis +4 more
TL;DR: Fusariosis, although uncommon, continues to have poor prognosis in neutropenic leukemic patients who present with fungemia, and was the only risk factor independently associated with 12-week mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Essential oil of common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) from Jordan: assessment of safety in mammalian cells and its antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential.
M. S. Abu-Darwish,Célia Cabral,Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira,Maria José Gonçalves,Carlos Cavaleiro,Maria Teresa Cruz,T. H. Al-bdour,Lígia Salgueiro +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that bioactive concentrations of S. officinalis oils do not affect mammalian macrophages and keratinocytes viability making them suitable to be incorporated in skin care formulations for cosmetic and pharmaceutical purposes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trends in antifungal susceptibility testing using CLSI reference and commercial methods.
TL;DR: The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute has developed reproducible methods for testing the activity of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi and guidelines for testing dermatophytes, as well as a disk-diffusion method for molds, have been developed recently.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Itraconazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.
David W. Denning,Kanamarlapudi Venkateswarlu,Karen L. Oakley,Michael J. Anderson,N. J. Manning,David A. Stevens,David W. Warnock,Steven L. Kelly +7 more
TL;DR: Invasive aspergillosis is an increasingly frequent opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients and only two agents, amphotericin B and itraconazole, are licensed for therapy, and at least two mechanisms of resistance are responsible.