Bone regeneration: current concepts and future directions
TLDR
Improved 'local' strategies in terms of tissue engineering and gene therapy, or even 'systemic' enhancement of bone repair, are under intense investigation, in an effort to overcome the limitations of the current methods, to produce bone-graft substitutes with biomechanical properties that are as identical to normal bone as possible.Abstract:
Bone regeneration is a complex, well-orchestrated physiological process of bone formation, which can be seen during normal fracture healing, and is involved in continuous remodelling throughout adult life. However, there are complex clinical conditions in which bone regeneration is required in large quantity, such as for skeletal reconstruction of large bone defects created by trauma, infection, tumour resection and skeletal abnormalities, or cases in which the regenerative process is compromised, including avascular necrosis, atrophic non-unions and osteoporosis. Currently, there is a plethora of different strategies to augment the impaired or 'insufficient' bone-regeneration process, including the 'gold standard' autologous bone graft, free fibula vascularised graft, allograft implantation, and use of growth factors, osteoconductive scaffolds, osteoprogenitor cells and distraction osteogenesis. Improved 'local' strategies in terms of tissue engineering and gene therapy, or even 'systemic' enhancement of bone repair, are under intense investigation, in an effort to overcome the limitations of the current methods, to produce bone-graft substitutes with biomechanical properties that are as identical to normal bone as possible, to accelerate the overall regeneration process, or even to address systemic conditions, such as skeletal disorders and osteoporosis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges
TL;DR: The fundamentals of bone tissue engineering are discussed, highlighting the current state of this field, and the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration.
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An Overview of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid (PLGA)-Based Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering
TL;DR: The analysis of the state of the art in the field reveals the presence of current innovative techniques for scaffolds and material manufacturing that are currently opening the way to prepare biomimetic PLGA substrates able to modulate cell interaction for improved substitution, restoration, or enhancement of bone tissue function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone grafts and biomaterials substitutes for bone defect repair: A review.
Wenhao Wang,Kelvin W.K. Yeung +1 more
TL;DR: The currently available bone grafts and bone substitutes as well as the biological and bio-inorganic factors for the treatments of bone defect are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fracture healing under healthy and inflammatory conditions
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that insufficient biomechanical conditions within the fracture zone can influence early local inflammation and impair bone healing, with particular emphasis on the role of inflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone regenerative medicine: classic options, novel strategies, and future directions
TL;DR: Tissue engineering is a new and developing option that had been introduced to reduce limitations of bone grafts and improve the healing processes of the bone fractures and defects and may open new insights in the near future.
References
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Morbidity at bone graft donor sites.
TL;DR: A review of the medical records of 239 patients with 243 autogenous bone grafts was undertaken to document the morbidity at the donor sites, finding that there was a much higher complication rate if the incision used for the surgery was also the sameincision used to harvest the bone graft.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone substitutes: an update.
TL;DR: An overview of bone grafts and graft substitutes available for clinical applications is presented and osteoinductive growth factors, osteogenic cells, and an osteoconductive scaffold are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone Tissue Engineering: State of the Art and Future Trends
TL;DR: The present review pretends to give an exhaustive overview on all components needed for making bone tissue engineering a successful therapy, going from materials to scaffolds and from cells to tissue engineering strategies that will lead to "engineered" bone.