Can seaweed farming play a role in climate change mitigation and adaptation
TLDR
The seaweed aquaculture can also contribute to climate change adaptation by damping wave energy and protecting shorelines, and by elevating pH and supplying oxygen to the waters, thereby locally reducing the effects of ocean acidification and deoxygenation as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
Seaweed aquaculture, the fastest-growing component of global food production, offers a slate of opportunities to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Seaweed farms release carbon that maybe buried in sediments or exported to the deep sea, therefore acting as a CO2 sink. The crop can also be used, in total or in part, for biofuel production, with a potential CO2 mitigation capacity, in terms of avoided emissions from fossil fuels, of about 1500 tons CO2 km-2 year-1. Seaweed aquaculture can also help reduce the emissions from agriculture, by improving soil quality substituting synthetic fertilizer and, when included in cattle fed, lowering methane emissions from cattle. Seaweed aquaculture contributes to climate change adaptation by damping wave energy and protecting shorelines, and by elevating pH and supplying oxygen to the waters, thereby locally reducing the effects of ocean acidification and de-oxygenation. The scope to expand seaweed aquaculture is, however, limited by the availability of suitable areas and competition for suitable areas with other uses, engineering systems capable of coping with rough conditions offshore and an increasing market demand for seaweed products, among other factors. Despite these limitations, seaweed farming practices can be optimized to maximize climate benefits, which may, if economically compensated, improve the income of seaweed farmers.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A 20-year retrospective review of global aquaculture.
Rosamond L. Naylor,Ronald W. Hardy,Alejandro H. Buschmann,Simon R. Bush,Ling Cao,Dane H. Klinger,Dane H. Klinger,David C. Little,Jane Lubchenco,Sandra E. Shumway,Max Troell,Max Troell +11 more
TL;DR: A review of the development of aquaculture from 1997 to 2017 can be found in this article, where the authors highlight the integration of aqua-culture in the global food system and the potential for molluscs and seaweed to support global nutritional security.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seaweed production: overview of the global state of exploitation, farming and emerging research activity
Alejandro H. Buschmann,Carolina Camus,Javier Infante,Amir Neori,Alvaro Israel,María C. Hernández-González,Sandra V. Pereda,Juan Luis Gómez-Pinchetti,Alexander Golberg,Niva Tadmor-Shalev,Alan T. Critchley +10 more
TL;DR: There are some fundamental and very significant hurdles yet to overcome in order to achieve the potential contributions that seaweed cultivation may provide the world, and an outline for future needs is provided in the anticipation that phycologists around the world will rise to the challenge.
Journal ArticleDOI
The future of food from the sea.
Christopher Costello,Ling Cao,Stefan Gelcich,Miguel A. Cisneros-Mata,Christopher M. Free,Halley E. Froehlich,Christopher D. Golden,Gakushi Ishimura,Jason Maier,Ilan Macadam-Somer,Tracey Mangin,Michael C. Melnychuk,Masanori Miyahara,Carryn L De Moor,Rosamond L. Naylor,Linda Nøstbakken,Elena Ojea,Erin O’Reilly,Ana M. Parma,Andrew J. Plantinga,Shakuntala H. Thilsted,Jane Lubchenco +21 more
TL;DR: Modelled supply curves show that, with policy reform and technological innovation, the production of food from the sea may increase sustainably, perhaps supplying 25% of the increase in demand for meat products by 2050.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ocean solutions to address climate change and its effects on marine ecosystems
Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Jean-Pierre Gattuso,Alexandre K. Magnan,Alexandre K. Magnan,Laurent Bopp,Laurent Bopp,William W. L. Cheung,Carlos M. Duarte,Carlos M. Duarte,Jochen Hinkel,Elizabeth Mcleod,Fiorenza Micheli,Andreas Oschlies,Phillip Williamson,Phillip Williamson,Raphaël Billé,Vasiliki I. Chalastani,Vasiliki I. Chalastani,Ruth D. Gates,Jean-Olivier Irisson,Jack J. Middelburg,Hans-Otto Pörtner,Greg H. Rau +23 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive and systematic assessment of 13 global and local-scale, ocean-based measures was performed to help steer the development and implementation of technologies and actions towards a sustainable outcome.
Book
Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda
Division on Earth,Board on Agriculture,Board on Energy,Environmental Systems,Reliable Sequestration +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, negative emissions technologies (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change, and the benefits, risks, and sustainable scale potential for NETs and sequestration are assessed.
References
More filters
Book Chapter
Summary for Policymakers
Thomas B. Johansson,Nebojsa Nakicenovic,Anand Patwardhan,Luis Gomez-Echeverri,Wim Turkenburg +4 more
TL;DR: The Global Energy Assessment (GEA) as mentioned in this paper identifies strategies that could help resolve the multiple challenges simultaneously and bring multiple benefits, including sustainable economic and social development, poverty eradication, adequate food production and food security, health for all, climate protection, conservation of ecosystems, and security.
Summary for Policymakers
T. Barker,I. Bashmakov,Lenny Bernstein,J Bogner,Peter Bosch,Rutu Dave,Ogunlade Davidson,Brian Fisher,M. Grubb,Sunil Gupta,Kirsten Halsnæs,Bertjan Heij,S. Kahn Ribeiro,Shingo Kobayashi,Mark D. Levine,Daniel Martino,O Masera Cerutti,Bert Metz,Leo Meyer,Gert-Jan Nabuurs,Adil Najam,N Nakicenovic,Hans-Holger Rogner,Joyashree Roy,J. Sathaye,R.N. Schock,P.R. Shukla,Ralph E.H. Sims,Pete Smith,Rob Swart,Dennis Tirpak,Diana Ürge-Vorsatz,Z. Dadi +32 more
Supporting Online Material for Spreading Dead Zones and Consequences for Marine Ecosystems
Robert J. Diaz,Rutger Rosenberg +1 more
TL;DR: The formation of dead zones has been exacerbated by the increase in primary production and consequent worldwide coastal eutrophication fueled by riverine runoff of fertilizers and the burning of fossil fuels as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spreading Dead Zones and Consequences for Marine Ecosystems
Robert J. Diaz,Rutger Rosenberg +1 more
TL;DR: Dead zones in the coastal oceans have spread exponentially since the 1960s and have serious consequences for ecosystem functioning, exacerbated by the increase in primary production and consequent worldwide coastal eutrophication fueled by riverine runoff of fertilizers and the burning of fossil fuels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems
Michelle Waycott,Carlos M. Duarte,Tim J. B. Carruthers,Robert J. Orth,William C. Dennison,Suzanne V. Olyarnik,Ainsley Calladine,James W. Fourqurean,Kenneth L. Heck,A. Randall Hughes,Gary A. Kendrick,W. Judson Kenworthy,Frederick T. Short,Susan L. Williams +13 more
TL;DR: This comprehensive global assessment of 215 studies found that seagrasses have been disappearing at a rate of 110 km2 yr−1 since 1980 and that 29% of the known areal extent has disappeared since seagRass areas were initially recorded in 1879.