Climate change, air pollution and extreme events leading to increasing prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases.
Gennaro D'Amato,Carlos E. Baena-Cagnani,Lorenzo Cecchi,Isabella Annesi-Maesano,Carlos Nunes,Ignacio J. Ansotegui,Maria D'Amato,Gennaro Liccardi,Matteo Sofia,Walter Canonica +9 more
TLDR
Considering these aspects governments worldwide and international organizations such as the World Health Organization and the European Union are facing a growing problem of the respiratory effects induced by gaseous and particulate pollutants arising from motor vehicle emissions.Abstract:
The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases has increased dramatically during the past few decades not only in industrialized countries. Urban air pollution from motor vehicles has been indicated as one of the major risk factors responsible for this increase. Although genetic factors are important in the development of asthma and allergic diseases, the rising trend can be explained only in changes occurred in the environment. Despite some differences in the air pollution profile and decreasing trends of some key air pollutants, air quality is an important concern for public health in the cities throughout the world. Due to climate change, air pollution patterns are changing in several urbanized areas of the world, with a significant effect on respiratory health. The observational evidence indicates that recent regional changes in climate, particularly temperature increases, have already affected a diverse set of physical and biological systems in many parts of the world. Associations between thunderstorms and asthma morbidity in pollinosis subjects have been also identified in multiple locations around the world. Allergens patterns are also changing in response to climate change and air pollution can modify the allergenic potential of pollens especially in presence of specific weather conditions. The underlying mechanisms of all these interactions are not well known yet. The consequences on health vary from decreases in lung function to allergic diseases, new onset of diseases, and exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases. Factor clouding the issue is that laboratory evaluations do not reflect what happens during natural exposition, when atmospheric pollution mixtures in polluted cities are inhaled. In addition, it is important to recall that an individual’s response to pollution exposure depends on the source and components of air pollution, as well as meteorological conditions. Indeed, some air pollution-related incidents with asthma aggravation do not depend only on the increased production of air pollution, but rather on atmospheric factors that favour the accumulation of air pollutants at ground level. Considering these aspects governments worldwide and international organizations such as the World Health Organization and the European Union are facing a growing problem of the respiratory effects induced by gaseous and particulate pollutants arising from motor vehicle emissions.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioaerosols in the Earth system: Climate, health, and ecosystem interactions
Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky,Christopher J. Kampf,Christopher J. Kampf,Bettina Weber,J. Alex Huffman,Christopher Pöhlker,Meinrat O. Andreae,Naama Lang-Yona,Susannah M. Burrows,Sachin S. Gunthe,W. Elbert,Hang Su,Peter Hoor,Eckhard Thines,Thorsten Hoffmann,Viviane R. Després,Ulrich Pöschl +16 more
TL;DR: A review of the state of bioaerosol research, highlights recent advances, and outlines future perspectives in terms of identification, characterization, transport and transformation processes, as well as their interactions with climate, health, and ecosystems, focusing on the role bio-aerosols play in the Earth system.
The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment
TL;DR: In this article, the Camroden-Camroden Associates, Inc. presented a survey of the state-of-the-art environmental protection agencies in the United States.
Journal ArticleDOI
Humidity: A review and primer on atmospheric moisture and human health.
TL;DR: Care must be taken in averaging certain humidity variables daily or seasonally to avoid statistical biasing associated with variables that are inherently diurnal through their relationship to temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Air Pollution and Climate Change Effects on Allergies in the Anthropocene: Abundance, Interaction, and Modification of Allergens and Adjuvants
Kathrin Reinmuth-Selzle,Christopher J. Kampf,Kurt Lucas,Naama Lang-Yona,Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky,Manabu Shiraiwa,Pascale S. J. Lakey,Senchao Lai,Fobang Liu,Anna T. Kunert,Kira Ziegler,Fangxia Shen,Rossella Sgarbanti,Bettina Weber,Iris Bellinghausen,Joachim Saloga,Michael G. Weller,Albert Duschl,Detlef Schuppan,Detlef Schuppan,Ulrich Pöschl +20 more
TL;DR: An overview of physical, chemical and biological interactions between air pollution, climate change, allergens, adjuvants and the immune system, addressing how these interactions may promote the development of allergies is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and respiratory diseases.
TL;DR: Climate change represents a massive direct threat to respiratory health by promoting or aggravating respiratory diseases or indirectly by increasing exposure to risk factors for respiratory diseases, which affects weather, air and water quality, local and national food supplies, economics, and economics.
References
More filters
Climate change 2007: the physical science basis
Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
Book
Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors set the stage for impact, adaptation, and vulnerability assessment of climate change in the context of sustainable development and equity, and developed and applied scenarios in Climate Change Impact, Adaptation, and Vulnerability Assessment.
Book
Climate change 2007 : impacts, adaptation and vulnerability
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a cross-chapter case study on climate change and sustainability in natural and managed systems and assess key vulnerabilities and the risk from climate change, and assess adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity.
Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
TL;DR: Drafting Authors: Neil Adger, Pramod Aggarwal, Shardul Agrawala, Joseph Alcamo, Abdelkader Allali, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Michel Boko, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Gino Casassa, Ulisses Confalonieri, Rex Victor Cruz, Edmundo de Alba Alcaraz, William Easterling, Christopher Field, Andreas Fischlin, Blair Fitzharris.
Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
TL;DR: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was set up jointly by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme to provide an authoritative international statement of scientific understanding of climate change as discussed by the authors.
Related Papers (5)
Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization
Gennaro D'Amato,Stephen T. Holgate,Ruby Pawankar,Dennis K. Ledford,Lorenzo Cecchi,Mona Al-Ahmad,Fatma Al-Enezi,Saleh Al-Muhsen,Ignacio J. Ansotegui,Carlos E. Baena-Cagnani,David J. Baker,Hasan Bayram,Karl Christian Bergmann,Louis-Philippe Boulet,Jeroen Buters,Maria D'Amato,Sofia Dorsano,Jeroen Douwes,Sarah Elise Finlay,Donata Garrasi,Maximiliano Gómez,Tari Haahtela,Rabih Halwani,Youssouf Hassani,Basam Mahboub,Guy B. Marks,Paola Michelozzi,Marcello Montagni,Carlos Nunes,Jay Jae-Won Oh,Todor A. Popov,Jay M. Portnoy,Erminia Ridolo,Nelson Rosario,Menachem Rottem,Mario Sánchez-Borges,Elopy Sibanda,Juan José Sienra-Monge,Carolina Vitale,Isabella Annesi-Maesano +39 more
Recent warming by latitude associated with increased length of ragweed pollen season in central North America
Lewis H. Ziska,Kim Knowlton,Christine A. Rogers,D. Dalan,Nicole Tierney,Mary Ann Elder,Warren Filley,Jeanne Shropshire,Linda B Ford,Curtis Hedberg,Pamela Fleetwood,Kim T Hovanky,Tony Kavanaugh,George Fulford,Rose F Vrtis,Jonathan A. Patz,Jay M Portnoy,Frances Coates,Leonard Bielory,David A. Frenz +19 more