Journal ArticleDOI
Clostridium perfringens in poultry: an emerging threat for animal and public health
Filip Van Immerseel,Jeroen De Buck,Frank Pasmans,G. Huyghebaert,Freddy Haesebrouck,Richard Ducatelle +5 more
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TLDR
The incidence of Clostridium perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis in poultry has increased in countries that stopped using antibiotic growth promoters and the use of probiotic and prebiotic products has been suggested, but are not available for practical use in the field at the present time.Abstract:
The incidence of Clostridium perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis in poultry has increased in countries that stopped using antibiotic growth promoters. Necrotic enteritis and the subclinical form of C. perfringens infection in poultry are caused by C. perfringens type A, producing the alpha toxin, and to a lesser extent type C, producing both alpha toxin and beta toxin. Some strains of C. perfringens type A produce an enterotoxin at the moment of sporulation and are responsible for foodborne disease in humans. The mechanisms of colonization of the avian small intestinal tract and the factors involved in toxin production are largely unknown. It is generally accepted, however, that predisposing factors are required for these bacteria to colonize and cause disease in poultry. The best known predisposing factor is mucosal damage, caused by coccidiosis. Diets with high levels of indigestible, water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides, known to increase the viscosity of the intestinal contents, also predispose to necrotic enteritis. Standardized models are being developed for the reproduction of colonization of poultry by C. perfringens and the C. perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis. One such model is a combined infection with Eimeria species and C. perfringens. Few tools and strategies are available for prevention and control of C. perfringens in poultry. Vaccination against the pathogen and the use of probiotic and prebiotic products has been suggested, but are not available for practical use in the field at the present time. The most cost-effective control will probably be achieved by balancing the composition of the feed.read more
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Probiotics and prebiotics in animal feeding for safe food production
TL;DR: The current knowledge on the contribution of the gut microbiota to host well-being is discussed and available information on probiotics and prebiotics and their application in animal feeding is reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal microbiome of poultry and its interaction with host and diet.
Deng Pan,Zhongtang Yu +1 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive understanding of these interactions will help develop new dietary or managerial interventions that can enhance bird growth, maximize host feed utilization, and protect birds from enteric diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intercurrent coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis of chickens: rational, integrated disease management by maintenance of gut integrity.
TL;DR: The necessarily wide range of topics reviewed emphasizes the enormous complexity of this disease combination, and indicates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in order to reduce its harmful impact on the world's poultry industry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Factors Affecting Intestinal Health in Poultry
M. Yegani,D. R. Korver +1 more
TL;DR: Phasing out of antibiotic growth promoters from poultry diets in Europe and recent moves toward reduction or removal of these compounds in other parts of the world including North America will likely change the microbial profile of the GI tract environment in commercial poultry.
Monitoring of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) and identification of human pathogenic VTEC types 1 Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards
Olivier Andreoletti,Herbert Budka,Sava Buncic,Pierre Colin,John D. Collins,John W. Griffin,Arie Havelaar,James Hope,Günter Klein,Hilde Kruse,Antonio Martínez López,James McLauchlin,Christophe Nguyen-The,Birgit Noerrung,Miguel Prieto Maradona,Terence Roberts,Ivar Vågsholm,Emmanuel Vanopdenbosch +17 more
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Clostridium perfringens: toxinotype and genotype
TL;DR: Toxin genotyping is more reliable than the classical toxinotyping for identifying pathovars involved in a specific disease and to define vaccine requirements.