Estimating HIV Prevalence and Risk Behaviors of Transgender Persons in the United States: A Systematic Review

TLDR: This systematic review of the US-based HIV behavioral prevention literature identified 29 studies focusing on male-to-female (MTF) transgender women and found prevalence rates of HIV and risk behaviors were low among FTMs, while higher HIV infection rates were found among African-American MTFs.

Abstract: Transgender populations in the United States have been impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This systematic review estimates the prevalence of HIV infection and risk behaviors of transgender persons. Comprehensive searches of the US-based HIV behavioral prevention literature identified 29 studies focusing on male-to-female (MTF) transgender women; five of these studies also reported data on female-to-male (FTM) transgender men. Using meta-analytic approaches, prevalence rates were estimated by synthesizing weighted means. Meta-analytic findings indicated that 27.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.8–30.6%) of MTFs tested positive for HIV infection (four studies), while 11.8% (95% CI, 10.5–13.2%) of MTFs self-reported being HIV-seropositive (18 studies). Higher HIV infection rates were found among African-American MTFs regardless of assessment method (56.3% test result; 30.8% self-report). Large percentages of MTFs (range, 27–48%) reported engaging in risky behaviors (e.g., unprotected receptive anal intercourse, multiple casual partners, sex work). Prevalence rates of HIV and risk behaviors were low among FTMs. Contextual factors potentially related to increased HIV risk include mental health concerns, physical abuse, social isolation, economic marginalization, and unmet transgender-specific healthcare needs. Additional research is needed to explain the causes of HIV risk behavior of transgender persons. These findings should be considered when developing and adapting prevention interventions for transgender populations.

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HAL Id: hal-02319357
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02319357
Submitted on 17 Oct 2019
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Une réponse sociologique relative à la haute prévalence
du VIH auprès des personnes transgenre MtF provenant
d’Amérique latine
Olga L Gonzalez
To cite this version:
Olga L Gonzalez. Une réponse sociologique relative à la haute prévalence du VIH auprès des personnes
transgenre MtF provenant d’Amérique latine. Journée Scientique Sidaction 2019, Feb 2019, Paris,
France. 2008, �10.1007/s10461-007-9299-3�. �hal-02319357�

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