Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Recent Neuroimaging Findings.
TLDR
This review highlights recent neuroimaging studies within the context of previous work that has revealed differences in neural activation patterns underlying sensory processing, cognition, and behavioral deficits.Abstract:
Since the identification of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome over 40 years ago, much has been learned about the detrimental effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the developing brain. This review highlights recent neuroimaging studies, within the context of previous work. Structural magnetic resonance imaging has described morphological differences in the brain and their relationships to cognitive deficits and measures of facial dysmorphology. Diffusion tensor imaging has elaborated on the relationship between white matter microstructure and behavior. Atypical neuromaturation across childhood and adolescence has been observed in longitudinal neuroimaging studies. Functional imaging has revealed differences in neural activation patterns underlying sensory processing, cognition and behavioral deficits. A recent functional connectivity analysis demonstrates reductions in global network efficiency. Despite this progress much remains unknown about the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on the brain, and continued research efforts are essential.read more
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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Neurobehavioral Deficits Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the cognitive and behavioral outcomes of prenatal alcohol exposure, including domains of general intelligence, executive functioning, language development, learning and memory, adaptive functioning, academic performance, and concurrent psychopathology are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (ND-PAE): Proposed DSM-5 Diagnosis
Julie A. Kable,Mary J. O'Connor,Heather Carmichael Olson,Blair Paley,Sarah N. Mattson,Sally M. Anderson,Edward P. Riley +6 more
TL;DR: Neurobehavioral Disorder associated with PAE is proposed as a new clarifying term, intended to encompass the neurodevelopmental and mental health symptoms associated withPAE, to adequately characterize these symptoms and allow clinical assessment not possible using existing physically-based diagnostic schemes.
Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: From Animal Models to Human Studies
TL;DR: Basic research that has been or could be translated into practical applications for the diagnosis or treatment of FASD is examined, suggesting that targeted interventions can improve some impairments resulting from developmental alcohol exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biospecimens and the ABCD study: Rationale, methods of collection, measurement and early data.
Kristina A. Uban,Megan K. Horton,Joanna Jacobus,Charles J. Heyser,Wesley K. Thompson,Susan F. Tapert,Pamela A. F. Madden,Elizabeth R. Sowell +7 more
TL;DR: The present manuscript describes the rationales for inclusion and selection of the specific biospecimens, methodological considerations for each measure, future plans for assessment of biospecimen during follow-up visits, and preliminary ABCD data to illustrate methodological considerations.
Journal ArticleDOI
TLR4 response mediates ethanol-induced neurodevelopment alterations in a model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
María Pascual,María Pascual,Jorge Montesinos,Sandra Montagud-Romero,Jerónimo Forteza,Marta Rodríguez-Arias,Marta Rodríguez-Arias,José Miñarro,José Miñarro,Consuelo Guerri +9 more
TL;DR: Alcohol intake during gestation and lactation increases the levels of several cytokines/chemokines in the maternal sera, amniotic fluid, and brains of fetuses and offspring, which are associated with long-term behavioral impairments in the 66-day-old alcohol-exposed pups.
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