Inspiratory Capacity during Exercise: Measurement, Analysis, and Interpretation
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In this article, the authors comprehensively examine a number of methodological issues related to the measurement, analysis, and interpretation of the inspiratory capacity (IC) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Abstract:
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is an established method for evaluating dyspnea and ventilatory abnormalities. Ventilatory reserve is typically assessed as the ratio of peak exercise ventilation to maximal voluntary ventilation. Unfortunately, this crude assessment provides limited data on the factors that limit the normal ventilatory response to exercise. Additional measurements can provide a more comprehensive evaluation of respiratory mechanical constraints during CPET (e.g., expiratory flow limitation and operating lung volumes). These measurements are directly dependent on an accurate assessment of inspiratory capacity (IC) throughout rest and exercise. Despite the valuable insight that the IC provides, there are no established recommendations on how to perform the maneuver during exercise and how to analyze and interpret the data. Accordingly, the purpose of this manuscript is to comprehensively examine a number of methodological issues related to the measurement, analysis, and interpretation of the IC. We will also briefly discuss IC responses to exercise in health and disease and will consider how various therapeutic interventions influence the IC, particularly in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our main conclusion is that IC measurements are both reproducible and responsive to therapy and provide important information on the mechanisms of dyspnea and exercise limitation during CPET.read more
Citations
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Use of exercise testing in the evaluation of interventional efficacy: an official ERS statement
Luis Puente-Maestu,Paolo Palange,Richard Casaburi,Pierantonio Laveneziana,François Maltais,J. Alberto Neder,Denis E. O'Donnell,Paolo Onorati,Janos Porszasz,Roberto A Rabinovich,Harry B. Rossiter,Sally J Singh,Thierry Troosters,Susan A. Ward +13 more
TL;DR: The measurement properties of commonly used exercise tests in patients with chronic respiratory diseases and published studies on their utilty and/or evaluation obtained from MEDLINE and Cochrane Library searches are reviewed.
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Azmy Faisal,Bader J. Alghamdi,Casey E. Ciavaglia,Amany F. Elbehairy,Amany F. Elbehairy,Katherine A. Webb,Josuel Ora,J. Alberto Neder,Denis E. O'Donnell +8 more
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ERS statement on standardisation of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in chronic lung diseases
Thomas Radtke,Sarah Crook,Georgios Kaltsakas,Georgios Kaltsakas,Zafeiris Louvaris,Danilo C. Berton,Don S. Urquhart,Asterios Kampouras,Roberto A Rabinovich,Samuel Verges,Dimitris Kontopidis,Jeanette Boyd,Thomy Tonia,Daniel Langer,Jana De Brandt,Yvonne M J Goërtz,Chris Burtin,Martijn A. Spruit,Martijn A. Spruit,Dionne C.W. Braeken,Sauwaluk Dacha,Sauwaluk Dacha,Frits M.E. Franssen,Pierantonio Laveneziana,Ernst Eber,Thierry Troosters,J. Alberto Neder,Milo A. Puhan,Richard Casaburi,Ioannis Vogiatzis,Ioannis Vogiatzis,Helge Hebestreit +31 more
TL;DR: The protocols and procedures used in published studies focusing on incremental CPET in chronic lung conditions are summarized, standard incremental protocols for CPET on a stationary cycle ergometer and a treadmill are presented, and patients' perspectives on CPET obtained through an online survey are provided.
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Effects of inspiratory muscle training in COPD patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
TL;DR: The aim of this systematic review with meta‐analysis was to verify the effect of IMT using threshold devices in COPD patients on Dyspnea, quality of life, exercise capacity, and inspiratory muscles strength, and the added effect on dyspnea ofIMT associated with PR (vs. PR alone).
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Pathogenesis of hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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