Microstructure, adhesion and growth kinetics of protective scales on metals and alloys
H. Hindam,D. P. Whittle +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the complex interrelationships among growth kinetics, microstructure, and adhesion of protective Cr2O3 and Al 2O3 scales is critically reviewed.Abstract:
Currentunderstanding of the complex interrelationships among growth kinetics, microstructure, and adhesion of protective Cr2O3 and Al2O3 scales is critically reviewed. Similarities and differences in the behavior of these two systems are highlighted. The morphology of the alloy-scale interface appears to be a critical factor. Recent ideas are advanced to interpret the effect of oxygen-active elements on the development of a tortuous interface conducive to improved scale tenacity.read more
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Mechanisms controlling the durability of thermal barrier coatings
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present relationships between the durability, the governing material properties and salient morphological features of thermal barrier coatings and show that the failure is ultimately connected to the large residual compression in the thermally grown oxide through its roles in amplifying imperfections near the interface.
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Materials design for the next generation thermal barrier coatings
David R. Clarke,Carlos G. Levi +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the materials issues involved in the development of present thermal barrier coatings and the advances necessary for the next generation, higher temperature capability coatings are described and discussed.
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Experimental observations in support of the dynamic-segregation theory to explain the reactive-element effect
TL;DR: In this article, a model was developed to explain the effects associated with the addition of reactive elements that is based on the segregation of reactive-element ions to scale grain boundaries and the metal-oxide interface.
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The influence of alloying elements on the development and maintenance of protective scales
TL;DR: In this article, the important principles that determine the establishment, growth and long-term maintenance of protective Cr2O3, Al 2O3 and SiO2 scales on hightemperature iron-, nickel-and cobalt-base alloys are reviewed and discussed.
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Selection and Evaluation of Heat-Resistant Alloys for SOFC Interconnect Applications
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that the interconnect metal or alloy should possess the following properties: (i) good surface stability (resistance to oxidation, hot corrosion, and carburization) in both cathodic (air) and anodic (fuel) atmospheres; (ii) thermal expansion matching to the ceramic PEN (positive cathode-electrolyte-negative anode) and seal materials (as least for a rigid seal design); (iii) high electrical conductivity through both the bulk material and in-situ formed oxide scales; (
References
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Theoretical Analysis of the Diffusion Processes Determining the Oxidation Rate of Alloys
TL;DR: In this paper, the interplay of diffusion processes in metallic and oxide phases during the oxidation of alloys is analyzed theoretically for specified ideal conditions, and it is shown that two oxides may nucleate initially and continue to grow even under conditions under which exclusive formation of the oxide of the less noble metal is a possible process.
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Improvements in High Temperature Oxidation Resistance by Additions of Reactive Elements or Oxide Dispersions
D. P. Whittle,J. Stringer +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, various models have been proposed to explain the oxidation resistance of high temperature alloys as a result of additions of rare earth elements, other reactive metals, or dispersions of stable oxides.
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Oxidation of Ni ‐ Cr ‐ Al Alloys Between 1000° and 1200°C
C. S. Giggins,F. S. Pettit +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the oxidation of alloys in 0.1 atm of oxygen has been studied at temperatures of 1000°, 1100°, and 1200°C, and it was found that all of the alloys initially underwent a period of transient oxidation before steady state conditions were established.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beitrag zur Theorie des Anlaufvorgangs
TL;DR: The Mechanismus des Diffusionsvorgangs is still weitgehend unbekannt as discussed by the authors, i.e., the Diffusion of mindestens einem der beiden Bestandteile durch die Anlaufschicht is notwendig.
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Improvements in High Temperature Oxidation Resistance by Additions of Reactive Elements or Oxide Dispersions
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