Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
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TLDR
Ample evidence supports a key role for MDSCs in immune suppression in cancer, as well as their prominent role in tumor angiogenesis, drug resistance, and promotion of tumor metastases.Abstract:
The development of tumor-specific T cell tolerance is largely responsible for tumor escape. Accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in animal tumor models as well as in cancer patients is involved in tumor-associated T cell tolerance. In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that MDSCs bring about antigen-specific T cell tolerance by various mechanisms, which is the focus of this chapter.read more
Citations
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Inflammation and Cancer: Triggers, Mechanisms, and Consequences.
TL;DR: How tumor-promoting inflammation closely resembles inflammatory processes typically found during development, immunity, maintenance of tissue homeostasis, or tissue repair is discussed and the distinctions between tissue-protective and pro-tumorigenic inflammation are illuminated.
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Cancer-related inflammation and treatment effectiveness
TL;DR: The complex interplay between local immune responses and systemic inflammation, and their influence on clinical outcomes, are examined, and potential anti-inflammatory interventions for patients with cancer are proposed.
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Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling in Immunity and Cancer.
Eduard Batlle,Joan Massagué +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the complex biology of the TGF-β family and its context-dependent nature is presented and how this knowledge is being leveraged to unleash the immune system against the tumor is discussed.
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Roles of the immune system in cancer: from tumor initiation to metastatic progression.
TL;DR: An update of recent accomplishments, unifying concepts, and future challenges to study tumor-associated immune cells, with an emphasis on metastatic carcinomas are provided.
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Regulatory T cells in cancer immunosuppression — implications for anticancer therapy
TL;DR: Novel insights are discussed into the roles of Treg cells in cancer, which can hopefully be used to develop Treg cell-targeted therapies and facilitate immune precision medicine.
References
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Coordinated regulation of myeloid cells by tumours
TL;DR: This work considers myeloid cells as an intricately connected, complex, single system and focuses on how tumours manipulate the myeloids system to evade the host immune response.
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Arginine metabolism : nitric oxide and beyond
Guoyao Wu,Sidney M. Morris +1 more
TL;DR: Physiological roles and relationships between the pathways of arginine synthesis and catabolism in vivo are complex and difficult to analyse, owing to compartmentalized expression of various enzymes at both organ and subcellular levels.
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Polarization of Tumor-Associated Neutrophil Phenotype by TGF-β: “N1” versus “N2” TAN
Zvi G. Fridlender,Jing Sun,Samuel Kim,Veena Kapoor,Guanjun Cheng,Leona E. Ling,G. Scott Worthen,Steven M. Albelda +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that TGF-beta within the tumor microenvironment induces a population of TAN with a protumor phenotype, and depletion of these neutrophils significantly blunts antitumor effects of treatment and reduces CD8(+) T cell activation.
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Recommendations for myeloid-derived suppressor cell nomenclature and characterization standards
Vincenzo Bronte,Sven Brandau,Shu Hsia Chen,Mario P. Colombo,Alan B. Frey,Tim F. Greten,Susanna Mandruzzato,Peter J. Murray,Augusto C. Ochoa,Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg,Paulo C. Rodriguez,Antonio Sica,Viktor Umansky,Viktor Umansky,Robert H. Vonderheide,Dmitry I. Gabrilovich +15 more
TL;DR: The authors identify the challenges and proposed set of minimal reporting guidelines for mouse and human MDSC are a heterogeneous population expanded in cancer and other chronic inflammatory conditions.
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The Nature of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment.
TL;DR: Current understanding is discussed as to the nature of differences in the function and fate of MDSC in the tumor and peripheral lymphoid organs, the underlying mechanisms, and their potential impact on the regulation of tumor progression.