Stigma of People with HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review
TLDR
It was found that the cultural construction of HIV/AIDS, based on beliefs about contamination, sexuality, and religion, plays a crucial role and contributes to the strength of distancing reactions and discrimination in society.Abstract:
The aim of this literature review is to elucidate what is known about HIV/AIDS and stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa. Literature about HIV/AIDS and stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa was systematically searched in Pubmed, Medscape, and Psycinfo up to March 31, 2009. No starting date limit was specified. The material was analyzed using Gilmore and Somerville's (1994) four processes of stigmatizing responses: the definition of the problem HIV/AIDS, identification of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), linking HIV/AIDS to immorality and other negative characteristics, and finally behavioural consequences of stigma (distancing, isolation, discrimination in care). It was found that the cultural construction of HIV/AIDS, based on beliefs about contamination, sexuality, and religion, plays a crucial role and contributes to the strength of distancing reactions and discrimination in society. Stigma prevents the delivery of effective social and medical care (including taking antiretroviral therapy) and also enhances the number of HIV infections. More qualitative studies on HIV/AIDS stigma including stigma in health care institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa are recommended.read more
Citations
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Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment in Nepal: A Mixed-Methods Study
TL;DR: Improving adherence requires a supportive environment; accessible treatment; clear instructions about regimens; and regimens tailored to individual patients’ lifestyles whilst policy-makers should develop appropriate social policy to promote adherence among ART-prescribed patients.
Journal Article
The right not to know HIV-test results [letter]
TL;DR: Temmerman et al. as discussed by the authors reported that 5.9% of HIV-positive women being chased out of the house beaten by their partner or committing suicide and 13% of those who told their partners were subjected to such treatment.
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"We, the AIDS people. . .": how antiretroviral therapy enables Zimbabweans living with HIV/AIDS to cope with stigma
Catherine Campbell,Morten Skovdal,Claudius Madanhire,Owen Mugurungi,Simon Gregson,Constance Nyamukapa +5 more
TL;DR: To date, the restoration of users' own sense of self-worth through treatment has not reduced fear and sexual embarrassment in framing community responses to people living with HIV/AIDS.
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HIV and tuberculosis: the construction and management of double stigma.
TL;DR: Examination of the lived experience of TB disease and HIV from the perspective of affected individuals to analyze how they may think about their dual illness; how they understand their illness with TB in relation to HIV, and vice versa; and how they characterize their (stigmatized) experiences in the context of their perceptions and identities.
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HIV/AIDS Related Stigma and Discrimination against PLWHA in Nigerian Population
Maznah Dahlui,Nazar Mohd Zabadi Mohd Azahar,Awang Bulgiba,Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki,Oche Mansur Oche,Felix Oluyemi Adekunjo,Karuthan Chinna +6 more
TL;DR: Education seems to play a major role in the society with respect to HIV stigma and discrimination against PLWHA in the Nigerian population, and those with higher levels of education and those from higher wealth index seem to be more compassionate towardsPLWHA.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity.
Melvin L. DeFleur,Erving Goffman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between information control and personal identity, including the Discredited and the Discreditable Social Information Visibility Personal Identity Biography Biographical Others Passing Techniques of Information Control Covering.
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Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between information control and personal identity, including the Discredited and the Discreditable Social Information Visibility Personal Identity Biography Biographical Others Passing Techniques of Information Control Covering.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and implications for action.
Richard Parker,Peter Aggleton +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a new framework by which to understand HIV and AIDS-related stigma and its effects, highlighting the manner in which stigma feeds upon, strengthens and reproduces existing inequalities of class, race, gender and sexuality.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV testing attitudes AIDS stigma and voluntary HIV counselling and testing in a black township in Cape Town South Africa.
TL;DR: Efforts to promote VCT in South Africa require education about the benefits of testing and reductions in stigmatising attitudes towards people living with AIDS, and structural and social marketing interventions that aim to reduce AIDS stigmas will probably decrease resistance to seeking VCT.
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Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa.
TL;DR: An urgent need for social reform to reduce AIDS stigmas and the design of interventions to assist people living with HIV/AIDS to adjust and adapt to the social conditions of AIDS in South Africa is indicated.
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HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and implications for action.
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