Journal ArticleDOI
The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance
TLDR
In this article, the authors review the scientific knowledge on expertise and expert performance and how experts may differ from non-experts in terms of their development, training, reasoning, knowledge, social support, and innate talent.Abstract:
This is the first handbook where the world’s foremost “experts on expertise” review our scientific knowledge on expertise and expert performance and how experts may differ from non-experts in terms of their development, training, reasoning, knowledge, social support, and innate talent. Methods are described for the study of experts’ knowledge and their performance of representative tasks from their domain of expertise. The development of expertise is also studied by retrospective interviews and the daily lives of experts are studied with diaries. In 15 major domains of expertise, the leading researchers summarize our knowledge of the structure and acquisition of expert skill and knowledge and discuss future prospects. General issues that cut across most domains are reviewed in chapters on various aspects of expertise, such as general and practical intelligence, differences in brain activity, self-regulated learning, deliberate practice, aging, knowledge management, and creativity.read more
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Education for Life and Work: Developing Transferable Knowledge and Skills in the 21st Century
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify caracteristicas relacionadas with the aprendizaje of these habilidades, that include desarrollo profesional docente, curriculo, evaluacion, programas extraescolares and extraescolate, and centros de aprendíe informal como exhibiciones and museos.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does Simulation-Based Medical Education With Deliberate Practice Yield Better Results Than Traditional Clinical Education? A Meta-Analytic Comparative Review of the Evidence
TL;DR: Although the number of reports analyzed in this meta-analysis is small, these results show that SBME with DP is superior to traditional clinical medical education in achieving specific clinical skill acquisition goals.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT) of intelligence: converging neuroimaging evidence.
Rex E. Jung,Richard J. Haier +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the P-FIT provides a parsimonious account for many of the empirical observations, to date, which relate individual differences in intelligence test scores to variations in brain structure and function.
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Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced?
TL;DR: The available evidence suggests that activities can postpone decline, attenuate decline, or provide prosthetic benefit in the face of normative cognitive decline, while at the same time indicating that late-life cognitive changes can result in curtailment of activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectual versus predictive logics in entrepreneurial decision-making: Differences between experts and novices
TL;DR: This article found that expert entrepreneurs framed problems in a dramatically different way than novices, focusing more on building the venture as a whole, paying less attention to predictive information, and worrying more about making do with resources on hand to invest only what they could afford to lose.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance.
TL;DR: A theoretical framework is proposed that explains expert performance in terms of acquired characteristics resulting from extended deliberate practice and that limits the role of innate (inherited) characteristics to general levels of activity and emotionality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term working memory
K A Ericsson,Walter Kintsch +1 more
TL;DR: To account for the large demands on working memory during text comprehension and expert performance, the traditional models of working memory involving temporary storage must be extended to include working memory based on storage in long-term memory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deliberate practice and the acquisition and maintenance of expert performance in medicine and related domains.
TL;DR: This article proposes an alternative framework to account for individual differences in attained professional development, as well as many aspects of age-related decline, based on the assumption that acquisition of expert performance requires engagement in deliberate practice and that continued deliberate practice is necessary for maintenance of many types of professional performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Expert and exceptional performance: evidence of maximal adaptation to task constraints.
TL;DR: Many of the mechanisms of superior expert performance serve the dual purpose of mediating experts' current performance and of allowing continued improvement of this performance in response to informative feedback during practice activities.
Expertise in Problem Solving.
TL;DR: An examination of the shift from consideration of general, domain-independent skills and procedures, in both cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence, to the study of the knowledge base shows the importance of differences in the knowledge bases of experts and novices to their problem solving success.