Institution
The Mind Research Network
Nonprofit•Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States•
About: The Mind Research Network is a nonprofit organization based out in Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Resting state fMRI & Functional magnetic resonance imaging. The organization has 334 authors who have published 998 publications receiving 49519 citations.
Topics: Resting state fMRI, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Default mode network, Independent component analysis, Schizophrenia
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe an approach to assess whole-brain functional connectivity dynamics based on spatial independent component analysis, sliding time window correlation, and k-means clustering of windowed correlation matrices.
Abstract: Spontaneous fluctuations are a hallmark of recordings of neural signals, emergent over time scales spanning milliseconds and tens of minutes. However, investigations of intrinsic brain organization based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging have largely not taken into account the presence and potential of temporal variability, as most current approaches to examine functional connectivity (FC) implicitly assume that relationships are constant throughout the length of the recording. In this work, we describe an approach to assess whole-brain FC dynamics based on spatial independent component analysis, sliding time window correlation, and k-means clustering of windowed correlation matrices. The method is applied to resting-state data from a large sample (n = 405) of young adults. Our analysis of FC variability highlights particularly flexible connections between regions in lateral parietal and cingulate cortex, and argues against a labeling scheme where such regions are treated as separate and antagonistic entities. Additionally, clustering analysis reveals unanticipated FC states that in part diverge strongly from stationary connectivity patterns and challenge current descriptions of interactions between large-scale networks. Temporal trends in the occurrence of different FC states motivate theories regarding their functional roles and relationships with vigilance/arousal. Overall, we suggest that the study of time-varying aspects of FC can unveil flexibility in the functional coordination between different neural systems, and that the exploitation of these dynamics in further investigations may improve our understanding of behavioral shifts and adaptive processes.
2,455 citations
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University of Western Ontario1, York University2, University of Bergen3, The Mind Research Network4, National Institutes of Health5, University of New Mexico6, Washington University in St. Louis7, University of Chieti-Pescara8, Stanford University9, Georgia Institute of Technology10, Oulu University Hospital11, Indiana University12, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology13, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg14
TL;DR: Emerging evidence suggests that dynamic FC metrics may index changes in macroscopic neural activity patterns underlying critical aspects of cognition and behavior, though limitations with regard to analysis and interpretation remain.
2,332 citations
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TL;DR: It is proposed that the P-FIT provides a parsimonious account for many of the empirical observations, to date, which relate individual differences in intelligence test scores to variations in brain structure and function.
Abstract: Is there a biology of intelligence which is characteristic of the normal human nervous system?" Here we review 37 modern neuroimaging studies in an attempt to address this question posed by Halstead (1947) as he and other icons of the last century endeavored to understand how brain and behavior are linked through the expression of intelligence and reason. Reviewing studies from functional (i.e., functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography) and structural (i.e., magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, voxel-based morphometry) neuroimaging paradigms, we report a striking consensus suggesting that variations in a distributed network predict individual differences found on intelligence and reasoning tasks. We describe this network as the Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT). The P-FIT model includes, by Brodmann areas (BAs): the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BAs 6, 9, 10, 45, 46, 47), the inferior (BAs 39, 40) and superior (BA 7) parietal lobule, the anterior cingulate (BA 32), and regions within the temporal (BAs 21, 37) and occipital (BAs 18, 19) lobes. White matter regions (i.e., arcuate fasciculus) are also implicated. The P-FIT is examined in light of findings from human lesion studies, including missile wounds, frontal lobotomy/leukotomy, temporal lobectomy, and lesions resulting in damage to the language network (e.g., aphasia), as well as findings from imaging research identifying brain regions under significant genetic control. Overall, we conclude that modern neuroimaging techniques are beginning to articulate a biology of intelligence. We propose that the P-FIT provides a parsimonious account for many of the empirical observations, to date, which relate individual differences in intelligence test scores to variations in brain structure and function. Moreover, the model provides a framework for testing new hypotheses in future experimental designs.
1,285 citations
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TL;DR: A multivariate analytic approach that optimizes sensitivity and reduces unnecessary testing is introduced and is demonstrated by identifying the effects of age and gender on the resting-state networks of 603 healthy adolescents and adults.
Abstract: As the size of functional and structural MRI datasets expands, it becomes increasingly important to establish a baseline from which diagnostic relevance may be determined, a processing strategy that efficiently prepares data for analysis, and a statistical approach that identifies important effects in a manner that is both robust and reproducible. In this paper, we introduce a multivariate analytic approach that optimizes sensitivity and reduces unnecessary testing. We demonstrate the utility of this mega-analytic approach by identifying the effects of age and gender on the resting-state networks (RSNs) of 603 healthy adolescents and adults (mean age: 23.4 years, range: 12–71 years). Data were collected on the same scanner, preprocessed using an automated analysis pipeline based in SPM, and studied using group independent component analysis. RSNs were identified and evaluated in terms of three primary outcome measures: time course spectral power, spatial map intensity, and functional network connectivity. Results revealed robust effects of age on all three outcome measures, largely indicating decreases in network coherence and connectivity with increasing age. Gender effects were of smaller magnitude but suggested stronger intra-network connectivity in females and more inter-network connectivity in males, particularly with regard to sensorimotor networks. These findings, along with the analysis approach and statistical framework described here, provide a useful baseline for future investigations of brain networks in health and disease.
1,172 citations
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TL;DR: This Perspective uses the term "chronnectome" to describe metrics that allow a dynamic view of coupling and focuses on multivariate approaches developed in the group and review a number of approaches with an emphasis on matrix decompositions such as principle component analysis and independent component analysis.
1,148 citations
Authors
Showing all 334 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Paul M. Thompson | 183 | 2271 | 146736 |
Nancy C. Andreasen | 138 | 604 | 73175 |
Vince D. Calhoun | 117 | 1234 | 62205 |
Kent A. Kiehl | 77 | 258 | 22259 |
Jessica A. Turner | 66 | 365 | 18637 |
Gary A. Rosenberg | 66 | 270 | 19062 |
Randy L. Gollub | 64 | 182 | 17891 |
Richard J. Haier | 61 | 146 | 14721 |
Kent E. Hutchison | 56 | 227 | 11410 |
Juan R. Bustillo | 54 | 167 | 9852 |
Andrew R. Mayer | 52 | 206 | 11485 |
Angela D. Bryan | 51 | 239 | 9465 |
Nora I. Perrone-Bizzozero | 49 | 137 | 6772 |
Stefan Posse | 49 | 114 | 7784 |
Ronald A. Yeo | 48 | 137 | 8416 |