Journal ArticleDOI
The deterrent effect of the perceived certainty and severity of punishment: A review of the evidence and issues
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In this article, the role of perceived certainty and severity of punishment in deterring criminal/deviant behavior was examined, and a thorough review of the perceptual deterrence literature from 1972-1986 was provided, which indicates that cross-sectional correlations between perceptions of sanction threats and self-reported criminal/evictive behavior are moderately negative for diverse offenses, consistent with the deterrence doctrine.Abstract:
This paper critically examines the role of the perceived certainty and severity of punishment in deterring criminal/deviant behavior. A thorough review of the perceptual deterrence literature from 1972–1986 is provided which indicates that cross-sectional correlations between perceptions of sanction threats and self-reported criminal/deviant behavior are moderately negative for diverse offenses, consistent with the deterrence doctrine. It is noted that rather than expressing the deterrent effect, these correlations probably indicate the effect of prior behavior on currently held perceptions—the experiential effect. In addition, since in many instances the reported correlations express simple bivariate relationships, the association may be spurious rather than causal. When researchers employing panel designs have estimated the deterrent relationship with variables in their correct temporal ordering and with more fully specified causal models, the moderate inverse effect for both perceived certainty and sev...read more
Citations
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The empirical status of gottfredson and hirschi's general theory of crime: a meta‐analysis
TL;DR: The authors conducted a meta-analysis on existing empirical studies to determine the empirical status of Gottfredson and Hirschi's (1990) general theory of crime, and found that low self-control is an important predictor of crime and of "analogous behaviors".
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User Awareness of Security Countermeasures and Its Impact on Information Systems Misuse: A Deterrence Approach
TL;DR: An extended deterrence theory model is presented that combines work from criminology, social psychology, and information systems and suggests that user awareness of security countermeasures directly influences the perceived certainty and severity of organizational sanctions associated with IS misuse, which leads to reduced IS misuse intention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancing Police Legitimacy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make three points: first, the police need public support and cooperation to be effective in their order-maintenance role, and they particularly benefit when they have the voluntary support of most members of the public, most of the time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Procedural Justice, Legitimacy, and the Effective Rule of Law
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors suggest that the key factor shaping public behavior is the fairness of the processes legal authorities use when dealing with members of the public, both during personal experiences with legal authorities and when community residents are making general evaluations of the law and of legal authorities.
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Criminal Deterrence Research at the Outset of the Twenty-First Century
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the effectiveness of policy options for deterring crime and find that some policies that are effective in preventing crime in the short term may be ineffective or even criminogenic in the long run because they may erode the foundation of the deterrent effect-fear of stigmatization.
References
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Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment
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Journal ArticleDOI
Human Inference: Strategies and Shortcomings of Social Judgment.
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Book Review Nisbett, R. , & Ross, L.Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment.Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1980.
George A. Miller,Nancy Cantor +1 more
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TL;DR: In the last decade the authors have seen a dramatic shift away from sociological explanations of deviant behavior toward developing theoretical perspectives on societal reactions to and definitions of deviance and crime, which has led to the neglect of theoretical developments in the etiology of devian behavior.