Journal ArticleDOI
Viscoelastic properties of human skin and processed dermis.
TLDR
The purpose of this work is to attempt to determine the elastic spring constant for collagen and elastic fibers in skin and to detemine if the values of these elastic constants are similar to those reported for other tissues.Abstract:
Background/aims: The purpose of this work is to attempt to determine the elastic spring constant for collagen and elastic fibers (elastin) in skin and to detemine if the values of these elastic constants are similar to those reported for other tissues.
Methods: We studied the viscoelastic mechanical properties of human skin and dermis by measuring the incremental stress-strain behavior. Elastic stress-strain curves were used to obtain the elastic spring constant of elastin and collagen while the collagen fibril length was obtained from the slope of viscous stress-strain curves.
Results: Our results suggest that the elastic spring constant for elastin is about 4.0 MPa while that for collagen is about 4.4 GPa. The former value is similar to that calculated for ligamentum nuchae while the latter value is about 70% of the value found for tendon and self-assembled type I collagen fibers. The differences between the elastic constants for collagen molecules in tendon and skin is hypothesized to reflect the higher molecular tilt angle and lower D period found in skin compared to tendon as well as a shorter fibril length.
Conclusion: The differences in the collagen types present in skin and tendon may influence collagen self-assembly and the resulting viscoelastic properties.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Mechanisms of Stress-Responsive Changes in Collagen and Elastin Networks in Skin
Jazli Aziz,Hafiz Shezali,Zamri Radzi,Noor Azlin Yahya,Noor Hayaty Abu Kassim,Jan T. Czernuszka,Mohammad Tariqur Rahman +6 more
TL;DR: This review paper proposes a model which elucidates how these molecular pathways intersect with one another, and how various internal and external factors can disrupt these pathways, ultimately leading to a disruption in collagen and elastin networks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wound Healing: A Cellular Perspective.
TL;DR: It is shown that changes in the microenvironment including alterations in mechanical forces, oxygen levels, chemokines, extracellular matrix and growth factor synthesis directly impact cellular recruitment and activation, leading to impaired states of wound healing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wearable sensors: modalities, challenges, and prospects
Jason Heikenfeld,Andrew J. Jajack,John A. Rogers,Philipp Gutruf,Limei Tian,Tingrui Pan,Ronald A. Li,Michelle Khine,Jitae Kim,Joseph Wang +9 more
TL;DR: A deeper understanding of the fundamental challenges faced for wearable sensors and of the state-of-the-art for wearable sensor technology, the roadmap becomes clearer for creating the next generation of innovations and breakthroughs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the anisotropic mechanical properties of excised human skin
Aisling Ní Annaidh,Karine Bruyere,Michel Destrade,Michel Destrade,Michael D. Gilchrist,Michael D. Gilchrist,Mélanie Ottenio +6 more
TL;DR: The histological investigation concluded that there is a definite correlation between the orientation of the Langer lines and the preferred orientation of collagen fibres in the dermis and the data obtained will provide essential information for those wishing to model the skin using a structural constitutive model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photocrosslinkable Gelatin Hydrogel for Epidermal Tissue Engineering.
Xin Zhao,Xin Zhao,Xin Zhao,Qi Lang,Qi Lang,Lara Yildirimer,Lara Yildirimer,Zhi Yuan Lin,Zhi Yuan Lin,Wenguo Cui,Nasim Annabi,Nasim Annabi,Nasim Annabi,Kee Woei Ng,Mehmet R. Dokmeci,Mehmet R. Dokmeci,Mehmet R. Dokmeci,Amir M. Ghaemmaghami,Ali Khademhosseini +18 more
TL;DR: The robust and tunable properties of GelMA hydrogel suggest that the keratinocyte laden hydrogels can be used as epidermal substitutes, wound dressings, or substrates to construct various in vitro skin models.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Collagen self-assembly and the development of tendon mechanical properties.
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on collagen self-assembly and tendon development and to relate this information to the development of elastic energy storage in non-mineralizing and mineralizing tendons, of particular interest is the mechanism by which energy is stored in tendons during locomotion.
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Oxytalan, elaunin, and elastic fibers in the human skin
TL;DR: The elastic system of normal human skin was studied by light and electron microscopy and found that in the elaunin fibers the amorphous material is sparse, while in the elastic fibers it is abundant and compact.
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Aged Skin: A Study by Light, Transmission Electron, and Scanning Electron Microscopy
TL;DR: The fine structural organization of the epidermis, dermal/epidermal junction, and dermis from an unexposed site of elderly people was compared with the organization of a similar region of young people to show structural evidence that barrier ability is not compromised in senile skin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viscoelastic Behavior of Human Connective Tissues: Relative Contribution of Viscous and Elastic Components
TL;DR: The elastic fraction was modeled as the transfer of stress from elastic to collagen fibers, while in skin it increased with strain, probably due to the rearrangement of individual collagen fiber orientations, resulting in an aligned collagen network at high strains.
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The role of elastin in the mechanical properties of skin
TL;DR: The elastin fibers of rat skin samples were degraded by the use of a purified preparation ofElastase to which soybean inhibitor was added, preventing the collagenolytic activity of the elastase on collagen.