Zonulin, a regulator of epithelial and endothelial barrier functions, and its involvement in chronic inflammatory diseases
Craig Sturgeon,Alessio Fasano +1 more
TLDR
This review focuses on the recent research implicating zonulin as a master regulator of intestinal permeability linked to the development of several chronic inflammatory disorders.Abstract:
Beside digesting nutrients and absorbing solutes and electrolytes, the intestinal epithelium with its barrier function is in charge of a tightly controlled antigen trafficking from the intestinal lumen to the submucosa. This trafficking dictates the delicate balance between tolerance and immune response causing inflammation. Loss of barrier function secondary to upregulation of zonulin, the only known physiological modulator of intercellular tight junctions, leads to uncontrolled influx of dietary and microbial antigens. Additional insights on zonulin mechanism of action and the recent appreciation of the role that altered intestinal permeability can play in the development and progression of chronic inflammatory disorders has increased interest of both basic scientists and clinicians on the potential role of zonulin in the pathogenesis of these diseases. This review focuses on the recent research implicating zonulin as a master regulator of intestinal permeability linked to the development of several chronic inflammatory disorders.read more
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Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span
David Furman,Judith Campisi,Judith Campisi,Eric Verdin,Pedro Carrera-Bastos,Sasha Targ,Claudio Franceschi,Luigi Ferrucci,Derek W. Gilroy,Alessio Fasano,Gary W. Miller,Andrew H. Miller,Alberto Mantovani,Alberto Mantovani,Alberto Mantovani,Cornelia M. Weyand,Nir Barzilai,Jorge Goronzy,Thomas A. Rando,Thomas A. Rando,Rita B. Effros,Alejandro Lucia,Nicole Kleinstreuer,George M. Slavich +23 more
TL;DR: The multi-level mechanisms underlying SCI and several risk factors that promote this health-damaging phenotype, including infections, physical inactivity, poor diet, environmental and industrial toxicants and psychological stress are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased human intestinal barrier permeability plasma biomarkers zonulin and FABP2 correlated with plasma LPS and altered gut microbiome in anxiety or depression
Bruce R. Stevens,Ruby Goel,Kim Seungbum,Elaine M. Richards,Richard C. Holbert,Carl J. Pepine,Mohan K. Raizada +6 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesised that anxiety and depressive disorders are linked to human gut dysbiosis with microbiota that secrete lipopolysaccharide endotoxin into plasma, which in conjunction with compromised gut barrier integrity has systemic manifestations including the brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity: A Review.
TL;DR: Although both conditions are treated with a gluten-free diet, distinguishing between celiac disease and nonceliac gluten sensitivity is important for long-term therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting zonulin and intestinal epithelial barrier function to prevent onset of arthritis
Narges Tajik,Michael Frech,Oscar Schulz,Fabian Schälter,Sébastien Lucas,Vugar Azizov,Kerstin Dürholz,Franziska Steffen,Yasunori Omata,Andreas Rings,Marko Bertog,Aroldo Rizzo,Aida Iljazovic,Marijana Basic,Arnd Kleyer,Stephan Culemann,Gerhard Krönke,Yubin Luo,Klaus Überla,Udo S. Gaipl,Benjamin Frey,Till Strowig,Kerstin Sarter,Stephan C. Bischoff,Stefan Wirtz,Juan D. Cañete,Francesco Ciccia,Georg Schett,Mario M. Zaiss +28 more
TL;DR: It is shown that both mice and humans with autoimmune arthritis can have dysbiosis and barrier leakiness prior to major signs of inflammatory arthritis, and treatment of mice with a zonulin antagonist can limit collagen-induced arthritis.
Journal ArticleDOI
All disease begins in the (leaky) gut: role of zonulin-mediated gut permeability in the pathogenesis of some chronic inflammatory diseases.
TL;DR: Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that the zonulin family, a group of proteins modulating gut permeability, is implicated in a variety of CIDs, including autoimmune, infective, metabolic, and tumoral diseases, suggesting a key pathogenic role of Gut permeability.
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