Beniamina Mercante

TL;DR: This review of different neurostimulation techniques will focus on sites and mechanisms of both transcutaneous vagus and trigeminal nerve stimulation, which are scientifically validated non-invasive bottom-up brain modulation techniques, easily implemented from the outer ear.

TL;DR: VEMPs displayed progressive severity of alterations at different stages of PD, with remarkable correlations with presence of postural instability and RBD, and may provide interesting insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of PD at the earliest and prodromal stage of the disease.

TL;DR: Accumulating evidence suggests that VNS and TNS share multiple levels and mechanisms of action in the central nervous system, however, the sites and neurobiologic mechanisms by which they produce their therapeutic effects are not clear yet.

TL;DR: After 6 weeks of training, CST proved as effective as direct strengthTraining in enhancing performance of the more affected limb with a different time course, which may have practical implications in management of severely weakened limbs where direct strength training is not initially possible.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of ultrasound and low-level laser therapy (LLT) on myofascial trigger points (MTP) of the upper trapezius muscle (uTM) were investigated.