Recent advances in topical delivery of flavonoids: A review.

Shiftwork became common during the last few decades with the growing demands of human life Despite the social inactivity and irregularity in habits, working in continuous irregular shifts causes serious health issues including sleep disorders, psychiatric disorders, cancer, and metabolic disorders These health problems arise due to the disruption in circadian clock system, which is associated with alterations in genetic expressions Alteration in clock controlling genes further affects genes linked with disorders including major depression disorder, bipolar disorder, phase delay and phase advance sleep syndromes, breast cancer, and colon cancer A diverse research work is needed focusing on broad spectrum changes caused by jet lag in brain and neuronal system This review is an attempt to motivate the researchers to conduct advanced studies in this area to identify the risk factors and mechanisms Its goal is extended to make the shift workers aware about the risks associated with shiftwork

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Shiftwork-Mediated Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Homeostasis Cause Serious Health Problems.

Cyanobacteria are found globally due to their adaptation to various environments. The occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms is not a new phenomenon. The bloom-forming and toxin-producing species have been a persistent nuisance all over the world over the last decades. Evidence suggests that this trend might be attributed to a complex interplay of direct and indirect anthropogenic influences. To control cyanobacterial blooms, various strategies, including physical, chemical, and biological methods have been proposed. Nevertheless, the use of those strategies is usually not effective. The isolation of natural compounds from many aquatic and terrestrial plants and seaweeds has become an alternative approach for controlling harmful algae in aquatic systems. Seaweeds have received attention from scientists because of their bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, anti-microalgae, and antioxidant properties. The undesirable effects of cyanobacteria proliferations and potential control methods are here reviewed, focusing on the use of potent bioactive compounds, isolated from seaweeds, against microalgae and cyanobacteria growth.

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Seaweed Bioactive Compounds against Pathogens and Microalgae: Potential Uses on Pharmacology and Harmful Algae Bloom Control.

The combination of MIMO and OFDM gives a very attractive option for high data rate communication in wireless communication system over frequency selective fading. However, MIMO-OFDM also inherent the PAPR problem from OFDM system. We proposed our SCS technique and modified SLM technique to be applied in diversity MIMO-OFDM system for PAPR and BER performance improvement. The utilization of circulant shift codeword from SCS technique with multiplication of phase factor of SLM technique in preparing several candidates for interleaving technique is proposed in MIMO-OFDM system. This approach gave a new solution of reducing high PAPR in MIMO-OFDM system. Moreover, by using diversity MIMO-OFDM which is STFBC, the improvement of BER performance also can be improved until 55%.

Papr reduction using scs-slm technique in stfbc mimo-ofdm

Improvement of the microfluidic microbial fuel cell using a nickel nanostructured electrode and microchannel modifications

Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is known to be a traditional problem in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The peak value of power signals bring to many other problems, thus the implementation of OFDM system in many wireless applications are growing slowly. There are many techniques have been discussed to reduce PAPR in OFDM systems and one of them is PAPR reduction through coding. In this paper, a comparison between two coding; Low Density Parity Check Codes (LDPC) codes and Quasi Cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC) codes has been discussed and additionally two types of encoding technique; G-Matrix and Approximate Triangular that is used in LDPC/QC-LDPC has been compared. The results show that PAPR reduced about 13% in case of QC-LDPC Codes from the original OFDM system and 8% in case of encoding process using Approximate Triangular from G-Matrix. The comparison result between LDPC and QC-LDPC can be the proof that QC-LDPC codes are better than LDPC codes while the second result shows that encoding process also contributes a significant impact to PAPR reduction. These results could lead to further investigation in the future.

Comparison between LDPC codes and QC-LDPC codes in term of PAPR in OFDM system with different encoding techniques

The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method is one of the most popular and widely used methods to extract the maximum power from the PV system and it has been applied in Solar Photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion. This method, however, exhibits fluctuations between the maximum power point due to the nature of unpredicted and environmental parameter changes. Therefore, it is important to include an intelligent controller that can track the maximum peak irrespective of variations in parameters such as temperature and irradiation. This paper describes the simulation of the PV energy conversion method based MPPT algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). The proposed MPPT is fast, adjustable, accurate, and efficient for full tracking of PV power. In this work, the simulation package MATLAB/Simulink helps to simulate the circuits to evaluate the performance of the proposed MPPT algorithm. By comparing the output value in difference irradiance, the performance of the proposed PSO algorithm is evaluated. It is observed that maximum power from the PV array is achieved at the input and output side of the dc-dc converter. The result of the simulation shows that this design can be realized in real-time application.

Boost Converter of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Method

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is developed for the communication between vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside in purpose for safety, navigation and other roadside services. The radio propagation model (RPM) was used in VANET for the implementation of VANET in order to estimate the path loss in multiple operating environments such as modern road infrastructure. This research is concerned with the study about the performance of different RPM on VANET between Free Space propagation, Two Ray Ground propagation and Nakagami propagation. The purpose of this research work is to observe the packet loss, throughput and average end-to-end delay between vehicles by implementing different type of RPMs, which then has been compared to determine which RPM has a better performance. To obtain the performance analysis of RPM in VANET, several software such as Java OpenStreetMap (JOSM), Simulator of Urban Mobility (SUMO), Mobility Model Generator for VANET (MOVE) and Network Simulator Version 2 (NS2) has been used with Linux Ubuntu version 20.04 as the operating system. The data were collected at Jalan Besar Selayang Baru, 68100 Batu Caves, Selangor. With the target location of 2 km x 2 km size, detail analyzation of data from all three different propagation models were performed. Hence, the best performance of RPM in VANET has been identified.

Performance Analysis of Radio Propagation Models in VANET Application

The cross-entropy stopping criterion (CE) with binary phase-shift keying can perform well at high sound-to-noise ratio regions in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). However, because of the high request of high-speed networks nowadays, the CE must be tested with high order modulation to determine its performance. In this paper, a CE with a threshold equal to 0.0001 was tested in quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) in the AWGN channel. In addition, the research also tested the CE with various frame sizes, M-ary QAM, and code generators. From the results obtained, the CE is poor in average iteration number (AIN) at a high noisy channel while it can terminate early at a low noisy channel. The CE is also capable of maintaining the bit error rate (BER) performance for various noisy channel stages. Therefore, the CE is suitable to be used with QAM for the low noisy channel to save the AIN and maintain the BER performance of turbo codes.

Ezmin Abdullah

Papers

Papr reduction using scs-slm technique in stfbc mimo-ofdm

Comparison between LDPC codes and QC-LDPC codes in term of PAPR in OFDM system with different encoding techniques

Boost Converter of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Method

Performance Analysis of Radio Propagation Models in VANET Application

Performance Analysis of Cross-Entropy Stopping Criterion for Quadrature Amplitude Modulation