Institution
Czech Hydrometeorological Institute
Facility•Prague, Czechia•
About: Czech Hydrometeorological Institute is a facility organization based out in Prague, Czechia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Climate change & Precipitation. The organization has 283 authors who have published 488 publications receiving 18608 citations. The organization is also known as: Český hydrometeorologický ústav & CHMI.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Technische Universität München1, Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics2, University of Tartu3, Swedish Museum of Natural History4, University of Latvia5, Humboldt University of Berlin6, University of Ljubljana7, MeteoSwiss8, Trinity College, Dublin9, Autonomous University of Barcelona10, Norwegian University of Life Sciences11, Norwegian Meteorological Institute12, Finnish Meteorological Institute13, Czech Hydrometeorological Institute14, Environment Agency15, Wageningen University and Research Centre16, University of Oslo17
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used an enormous systematic phenological network data set of more than 125 000 observational series of 542 plant and 19 animal species in 21 European countries (1971-2000) and concluded that previously published results of phenological changes were not biased by reporting or publication predisposition.
Abstract: Global climate change impacts can already be tracked in many physical and biological systems; in particular, terrestrial ecosystems provide a consistent picture of observed changes. One of the preferred indicators is phenology, the science of natural recurring events, as their recorded dates provide a high-temporal resolution of ongoing changes. Thus, numerous analyses have demonstrated an earlier onset of spring events for mid and higher latitudes and a lengthening of the growing season. However, published single-site or single-species studies are particularly open to suspicion of being biased towards predominantly reporting climate change-induced impacts. No comprehensive study or meta-analysis has so far examined the possible lack of evidence for changes or shifts at sites where no temperature change is observed. We used an enormous systematic phenological network data set of more than 125 000 observational series of 542 plant and 19 animal species in 21 European countries (1971–2000). Our results showed that 78% of all leafing, flowering and fruiting records advanced (30% significantly) and only 3% were significantly delayed, whereas the signal of leaf colouring/fall is ambiguous. We conclude that previously published results of phenological changes were not biased by reporting or publication predisposition: the average advance of spring/summer was 2.5 days decade � 1 in Europe. Our analysis of 254 mean national time series undoubtedly demonstrates that species’ phenology is responsive to temperature of the preceding
2,457 citations
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Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute1, Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics2, Royal Meteorological Institute3, Czech Hydrometeorological Institute4, Danish Meteorological Institute5, Finnish Meteorological Institute6, Deutscher Wetterdienst7, Hellenic National Meteorological Service8, Icelandic Meteorological Office9, Norwegian Meteorological Institute10, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera11, Environment Agency12, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute13, Stockholm University14, MeteoSwiss15, Met Office16
TL;DR: The European Climate Assessment (ECA) dataset as discussed by the authors is a dataset of daily resolution climatic time series that has been compiled for the European climate assessment (ECA), which consists of 199 series of minimum, maximum and/or daily mean temperature and 195 series of daily precipitation amount observed at meteorological stations in Europe and the Middle East.
Abstract: We present a dataset of daily resolution climatic time series that has been compiled for the European Climate Assessment (ECA). As of December 2001, this ECA dataset comprises 199 series of minimum, maximum and/or daily mean temperature and 195 series of daily precipitation amount observed at meteorological stations in Europe and the Middle East. Almost all series cover the standard normal period 1961–90, and about 50% extends back to at least 1925. Part of the dataset (90%) is made available for climate research on CDROM and through the Internet (at http://www.knmi.nl/samenw/eca). A comparison of the ECA dataset with existing gridded datasets, having monthly resolution, shows that correlation coefficients between ECA stations and nearest land grid boxes between 1946 and 1999 are higher than 0.8 for 93% of the temperature series and for 51% of the precipitation series. The overall trends in the ECA dataset are of comparable magnitude to those in the gridded datasets. The potential of the ECA dataset for climate studies is demonstrated in two examples. In the first example, it is shown that the winter (October–March) warming in Europe in the 1976–99 period is accompanied by a positive trend in the number of warm-spell days at most stations, but not by a negative trend in the number of cold-spell days. Instead, the number of cold-spell days increases over Europe. In the second example, it is shown for winter precipitation between 1946 and 1999 that positive trends in the mean amount per wet day prevail in areas that are getting drier and wetter. Because of its daily resolution, the ECA dataset enables a variety of empirical climate studies, including detailed analyses of changes in the occurrence of extremes in relation to changes in mean temperature and total precipitation. Copyright 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.
1,523 citations
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TL;DR: The HISTALP database as mentioned in this paper consists of monthly homogenised records of temperature, pressure, precipitation, sunshine and cloudiness for the "Greater Alpine Region" (GAR, 4-19°E, 43-49°N, 0-3500m asl).
Abstract: This paper describes the HISTALP database, consisting of monthly homogenised records of temperature, pressure, precipitation, sunshine and cloudiness for the ‘Greater Alpine Region’ (GAR, 4–19°E, 43–49°N, 0–3500m asl). The longest temperature and air pressure series extend back to 1760, precipitation to 1800, cloudiness to the 1840s and sunshine to the 1880s. A systematic QC procedure has been applied to the series and a high number of inhomogeneities (more than 2500) and outliers (more than 5000) have been detected and removed. The 557 HISTALP series are kept in different data modes: original and homogenised, gap-filled and outlier corrected station mode series, grid-1 series (anomaly fields at 1° × 1°, lat × long) and Coarse Resolution Subregional (CRS) mean series according to an EOF-based regionalisation. The leading climate variability features within the GAR are discussed through selected examples and a concluding linear trend analysis for 100, 50 and 25-year subperiods for the four horizontal and two altitudinal CRSs. Among the key findings of the trend analysis is the parallel centennial decrease/increase of both temperature and air pressure in the 19th/20th century. The 20th century increase (+1.2 °C/+ 1.1 hPa for annual GAR-means) evolved stepwise with a first peak near 1950 and the second increase (1.3 °C/0.6hPa per 25 years) starting in the 1970s. Centennial and decadal scale temperature trends were identical for all subregions. Air pressure, sunshine and cloudiness show significant differences between low versus high elevations. A long-term increase of the high-elevation series relative to the low-elevation series is given for sunshine and air pressure. Of special interest is the exceptional high correlation near 0.9 between the series on mean temperature and air pressure difference (high-minus low-elevation). This, further developed via some atmospheric statics and thermodynamics, allows the creation of ‘barometric temperature series’ without use of the measures of temperature. They support the measured temperature trends in the region. Precipitation shows the most significant regional and seasonal differences with, e.g., remarkable opposite 20th century evolution for NW (9% increase) versus SE (9% decrease). Other long- and short-term features are discussed and indicate the promising potential of the new database for further analyses and applications. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.
860 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of observational indices from central and southeastern Europe confirms that summer hot extremes are linked to soil-moisture deficits in southeastern Europe but does not detect a similar effect in central Europe.
Abstract: Modelling studies have postulated a possible impact of soil-moisture deficit and drought on hot extremes. An analysis of observational indices from central and southeastern Europe confirms that summer hot extremes are linked to soil-moisture deficits in southeastern Europe but does not detect a similar effect in central Europe.
616 citations
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Vienna University of Technology1, Polytechnic University of Turin2, University of Potsdam3, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute4, University of Messina5, Czech Hydrometeorological Institute6, University of Split7, University of Padua8, University of Zagreb9, University of Bologna10, University of Naples Federico II11, Moscow State University12, Dokuz Eylül University13, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts14, University of Bath15, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava16, Finnish Environment Institute17, University of Liverpool18, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy19, Technical University of Madrid20, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ21, ETH Zurich22, Maynooth University23, Polish Academy of Sciences24, ODESSA25, University of Ljubljana26, Roma Tre University27, Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate28, Polytechnic University of Tirana29, University of Belgrade30
TL;DR: Analysis of a comprehensive European flood dataset reveals regional changes in river flood discharges in the past five decades that are broadly consistent with climate model projections for the next century, suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening and supporting calls for the consideration of climate change in flood risk management.
Abstract: Climate change has led to concerns about increasing river floods resulting from the greater water-holding capacity of a warmer atmosphere1. These concerns are reinforced by evidence of increasing economic losses associated with flooding in many parts of the world, including Europe2. Any changes in river floods would have lasting implications for the design of flood protection measures and flood risk zoning. However, existing studies have been unable to identify a consistent continental-scale climatic-change signal in flood discharge observations in Europe3, because of the limited spatial coverage and number of hydrometric stations. Here we demonstrate clear regional patterns of both increases and decreases in observed river flood discharges in the past five decades in Europe, which are manifestations of a changing climate. Our results—arising from the most complete database of European flooding so far—suggest that: increasing autumn and winter rainfall has resulted in increasing floods in northwestern Europe; decreasing precipitation and increasing evaporation have led to decreasing floods in medium and large catchments in southern Europe; and decreasing snow cover and snowmelt, resulting from warmer temperatures, have led to decreasing floods in eastern Europe. Regional flood discharge trends in Europe range from an increase of about 11 per cent per decade to a decrease of 23 per cent. Notwithstanding the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the observational record, the flood changes identified here are broadly consistent with climate model projections for the next century4,5, suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening and supporting calls for the consideration of climate change in flood risk management. Analysis of a comprehensive European flood dataset reveals regional changes in river flood discharges in the past five decades that are consistent with models suggesting that climate-driven changes are already happening.
558 citations
Authors
Showing all 289 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jan Kyselý | 40 | 110 | 4781 |
Petr Štěpánek | 33 | 198 | 3749 |
Jana Markova | 22 | 86 | 2690 |
Pavel Zahradníček | 20 | 89 | 1727 |
Martin Možný | 20 | 44 | 1339 |
Jean-François Geleyn | 16 | 23 | 1843 |
Michal Šyc | 15 | 42 | 606 |
Iva Hůnová | 15 | 42 | 618 |
Vit Kodes | 14 | 20 | 906 |
Radim Tolasz | 13 | 29 | 980 |
Tomáš Púčik | 13 | 20 | 461 |
Petr Stepanek | 13 | 23 | 1914 |
J. Mašek | 12 | 17 | 518 |
Aleš Farda | 11 | 29 | 422 |
Ladislav Gaál | 11 | 28 | 565 |