Hirosaki University

About: Hirosaki University is a education organization based out in Hirosaki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 7922 authors who have published 14344 publications receiving 277097 citations. The organization is also known as: Hirosaki Daigaku.

Synthesis, Luminescence Quantum Yields, and Lifetimes of Trischelated Ruthenium(II) Mixed-ligand Complexes Including 3,3′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl

Abstract: New five complexes of the type of [RuL3−x(dmby)x]X2(x=1,2,3, L=2,2′-bipyridyl or 1,10-phenanthroline, dmby=3,3′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl, X=halide ion) have been synthesized in order to investigate the effects of two methyl groups of dmby on the absorption and emission spectra, luminescence quantum yields, and lifetimes. Values of the radiative and nonradiative rate constants have been calculated from these data at 77 K. Although the absorption and emission maxima and the lifetimes are not much affected by the dmby ligand substitution, the molar extinction coefficients and emission quantum yields are decreased compared with trischelated complexes of the parent bipyridyl or phenanthroline ligands. At 25 °C the emission yields of the complexes containing dmby decrease by 3–4 orders of magnitude than at 77 K. Possible causes of the decrease in the quantum yields are discussed.

Combinatorial search of thermoelastic shape-memory alloys with extremely small hysteresis width

Abstract: Reversibility of structural phase transformations has profound technological implications in a wide range of applications from fatigue life in shape-memory alloys (SMAs) to magnetism in multiferroic oxides. The geometric nonlinear theory of martensite universally applicable to all structural transitions has been developed. It predicts the reversibility of the transitions as manifested in the hysteresis behaviour based solely on crystal symmetry and geometric compatibilities between phases. In this article, we report on the verification of the theory using the high-throughput approach. The thin-film composition-spread technique was devised to rapidly map the lattice parameters and the thermal hysteresis of ternary alloy systems. A clear relationship between the hysteresis and the middle eigenvalue of the transformation stretch tensor as predicted by the theory was observed for the first time. We have also identified a new composition region of titanium-rich SMAs with potential for improved control of SMA properties.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for operable Stage i non-small-cell lung cancer: Can SBRT be comparable to surgery?

Abstract: Purpose To review treatment outcomes for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in medically operable patients with Stage I non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), using a Japanese multi-institutional database. Patients and Methods Between 1995 and 2004, a total of 87 patients with Stage I NSCLC (median age, 74 years; T1N0M0, n = 65; T2N0M0, n = 22) who were medically operable but refused surgery were treated using SBRT alone in 14 institutions. Stereotactic three-dimensional treatment was performed using noncoplanar dynamic arcs or multiple static ports. Total dose was 45–72.5 Gy at the isocenter, administered in 3–10 fractions. Median calculated biological effective dose was 116 Gy (range, 100–141 Gy). Data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results During follow-up (median, 55 months), cumulative local control rates for T1 and T2 tumors at 5 years after SBRT were 92% and 73%, respectively. Pulmonary complications above Grade 2 arose in 1 patient (1.1%). Five-year overall survival rates for Stage IA and IB subgroups were 72% and 62%, respectively. One patient who developed local recurrences safely underwent salvage surgery. Conclusion Stereotactic body radiotherapy is safe and promising as a radical treatment for operable Stage I NSCLC. The survival rate for SBRT is potentially comparable to that for surgery.

An unambiguous nomenclature for xyloglucan‐derived oligosaccharides

Abstract: A revised system of abbreviated names is proposed for xyloglucan-derived oligosaccharides. Each (1→4)-linked β-D-glucosyl residue (and the reducing terminal n-glucose moiety) of the backbone is given a one-letter code according to its substituents. The name of the oligosaccharide consists of these code letters listed in sequence from non-reducing to reducing terminus of the backbone