Sheffield Hallam University

About: Sheffield Hallam University is a education organization based out in Sheffield, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Context (language use) & Population. The organization has 4741 authors who have published 11865 publications receiving 261072 citations. The organization is also known as: Sheffield City Polytechnic.

Beyond necessity versus opportunity entrepreneurship: some lessons from English deprived urban neighbourhoods

Abstract: When discussing the motivations of entrepreneurs, it has become commonplace to represent them dichotomously as either necessity or opportunity driven. This paper evaluates critically this dualistic depiction of entrepreneurs’ motives through an examination of the rationales of entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs living in a deprived urban neighbourhood of an English city, a group of entrepreneurs who have been conventionally depicted as largely driven by necessity into entrepreneurship in the absence of alternative means of livelihood. Reporting the results of a face-to-face questionnaire conducted in 2008 with 459 respondents and a further 18 follow-up in-depth interviews, the finding is that forcing individual entrepreneurs’ motives into one or other of these categories grossly over-simplifies their rationales which in lived practice are not only a mixture of both opportunity and necessity but also temporally fluid shifting most often from more necessity- to more opportunity-oriented rationales. The outcome is to reveal that the opportunity versus necessity dichotomy, which uses the perceptions of an entrepreneur’s originating condition as the defining feature of their motivations, is a misleading way of categorising types of entrepreneurship not only because motivations change over time but also because entrepreneurs are frequently driven by both necessity as well as opportunity factors. The result is a call to move beyond the conventional either/or depiction of opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurship and towards a richer, more nuanced and dynamic appreciation of entrepreneurs’ motivations.

Mathematica simulation of peristaltic pumping with double-diffusive convection in nanofluids: a bio-nano-engineering model

Abstract: A theoretical study is presented to examine the peristaltic pumping with double-diffusive (thermal and concentration diffusive) convection in nanofluids through a deformable channel. The model is m...

Using Tangible Smart Replicas as Controls for an Interactive Museum Exhibition

Abstract: This paper presents the design, creation and use of tangible smart replicas in a large-scale museum exhibition. We describe the design rationale for the replicas, the process used in their creation, as well as the implementation and deployment of these replicas in a live museum exhibition. Deployment of the exhibition resulted in over 14000 visitors interacting with the system during the 6 months that the exhibition was open. Based on log data, interviews and observations, we examine the reaction to these smart replicas from the point of view of the museum curators and also of the museum's visitors and reflect on the fulfillment of our expectations.