Institution
University of South Florida St. Petersburg
Education•St. Petersburg, Florida, United States•
About: University of South Florida St. Petersburg is a education organization based out in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Continental shelf. The organization has 1429 authors who have published 2794 publications receiving 117717 citations. The organization is also known as: USF St. Petersburg & USF SP.
Topics: Population, Continental shelf, Sea surface temperature, Upwelling, Bay
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Pore water profiles of total CO 2, pH, PO 3−4, NO − 3 plus NO − 2, SO 2− 4, S 2−, Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ have been obtained in cores from pelagic sediments of the eastern equatorial Atlantic under waters of moderate to high productivity as mentioned in this paper.
3,045 citations
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Cornell University1, University of Maryland, College Park2, North Carolina State University3, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute4, Harvard University5, University of Southern Mississippi6, Old Dominion University7, University of South Florida St. Petersburg8, Erasmus University Rotterdam9, University of Georgia10, University of South Carolina Aiken11
TL;DR: A dramatic global increase in the severity of coral bleaching in 1997-98 is coincident with high El Niño temperatures, which climate-mediated, physiological stresses may compromise host resistance and increase frequency of opportunistic diseases.
Abstract: Mass mortalities due to disease outbreaks have recently affected major taxa in the oceans. For closely monitored groups like corals and marine mammals, reports of the frequency of epidemics and the number of new diseases have increased recently. A dramatic global increase in the severity of coral bleaching in 1997—98 is coincident with high El Nino temperatures. Such climate-mediated, physiological stresses may compromise host resistance and increase frequency of opportunistic diseases. Where documented, new diseases typically have emerged through host or range shifts of known pathogens. Both climate and human activities may have also accelerated global transport of species, bringing together pathogens and previously unexposed host populations. T he oceans harbor enormous biodiver- sity by terrestrial terms (1), much of which is still poorly described taxo- nomically. Even less well known are the dy- namics of intermittent, ephemeral, threshold phenomena such as disease outbreaks. De- spite decades of intense study of the biolog- ical agents structuring natural communities, the ecological and evolutionary impact of diseases in the ocean remains unknown, even when these diseases affect economically and ecologically important species. The paucity of baseline and epidemiological information on normal disease levels in the ocean chal- lenges our ability to assess the novelty of a recent spate of disease outbreaks and to de- termine the relative importance of increased pathogen transmission versus decreased host resistance in facilitating the outbreaks. Our objectives here are to review the prevalence of diseases of marine taxa to evaluate wheth- er it can be concluded that there has been a recent increase. We also assess the contribut- ing roles of human activity and global cli- mate, and evaluate the role of the oceans as incubators and conveyors of human disease agents. Is There an Increase in Diseases in the Ocean?
1,778 citations
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TL;DR: This article found that low-fit initiatives negatively impact consumer beliefs, attitudes, and intentions no matter what the firm's motivation, and that high-fit, proactive initiatives led to an improvement in consumer belief, attitudes and intentions.
1,720 citations
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United States Environmental Protection Agency1, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science2, North Carolina State University3, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution4, San Francisco State University5, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration6, Stony Brook University7, University of South Florida St. Petersburg8, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control9, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources10, University of South Carolina11, Maryland Department of Natural Resources Police12, Old Dominion University13, Chesapeake Research Consortium14, University of Alaska Fairbanks15
TL;DR: In January 2003, the US Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a "roundtable discussion" to develop a consensus on the relationship between eutrophication and harmful algal blooms, specifically targeting those relationships for which management actions may be appropriate.
1,622 citations
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Smithsonian Environmental Research Center1, University of California, San Diego2, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences3, University of Liège4, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute5, Lund University6, Centre national de la recherche scientifique7, Fisheries and Oceans Canada8, Cayetano Heredia University9, University of the Philippines Diliman10, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry11, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research12, University of Cape Town13, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries14, Louisiana State University15, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science16, University of South Florida St. Petersburg17, Polish Academy of Sciences18, University of Hong Kong19, East China Normal University20
TL;DR: Improved numerical models of oceanographic processes that control oxygen depletion and the large-scale influence of altered biogeochemical cycles are needed to better predict the magnitude and spatial patterns of deoxygenation in the open ocean, as well as feedbacks to climate.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Oxygen concentrations in both the open ocean and coastal waters have been declining since at least the middle of the 20th century. This oxygen loss, or deoxygenation, is one of the most important changes occurring in an ocean increasingly modified by human activities that have raised temperatures, CO 2 levels, and nutrient inputs and have altered the abundances and distributions of marine species. Oxygen is fundamental to biological and biogeochemical processes in the ocean. Its decline can cause major changes in ocean productivity, biodiversity, and biogeochemical cycles. Analyses of direct measurements at sites around the world indicate that oxygen-minimum zones in the open ocean have expanded by several million square kilometers and that hundreds of coastal sites now have oxygen concentrations low enough to limit the distribution and abundance of animal populations and alter the cycling of important nutrients. ADVANCES In the open ocean, global warming, which is primarily caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions, is considered the primary cause of ongoing deoxygenation. Numerical models project further oxygen declines during the 21st century, even with ambitious emission reductions. Rising global temperatures decrease oxygen solubility in water, increase the rate of oxygen consumption via respiration, and are predicted to reduce the introduction of oxygen from the atmosphere and surface waters into the ocean interior by increasing stratification and weakening ocean overturning circulation. In estuaries and other coastal systems strongly influenced by their watershed, oxygen declines have been caused by increased loadings of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and organic matter, primarily from agriculture; sewage; and the combustion of fossil fuels. In many regions, further increases in nitrogen discharges to coastal waters are projected as human populations and agricultural production rise. Climate change exacerbates oxygen decline in coastal systems through similar mechanisms as those in the open ocean, as well as by increasing nutrient delivery from watersheds that will experience increased precipitation. Expansion of low-oxygen zones can increase production of N 2 O, a potent greenhouse gas; reduce eukaryote biodiversity; alter the structure of food webs; and negatively affect food security and livelihoods. Both acidification and increasing temperature are mechanistically linked with the process of deoxygenation and combine with low-oxygen conditions to affect biogeochemical, physiological, and ecological processes. However, an important paradox to consider in predicting large-scale effects of future deoxygenation is that high levels of productivity in nutrient-enriched coastal systems and upwelling areas associated with oxygen-minimum zones also support some of the world’s most prolific fisheries. OUTLOOK Major advances have been made toward understanding patterns, drivers, and consequences of ocean deoxygenation, but there is a need to improve predictions at large spatial and temporal scales important to ecosystem services provided by the ocean. Improved numerical models of oceanographic processes that control oxygen depletion and the large-scale influence of altered biogeochemical cycles are needed to better predict the magnitude and spatial patterns of deoxygenation in the open ocean, as well as feedbacks to climate. Developing and verifying the next generation of these models will require increased in situ observations and improved mechanistic understanding on a variety of scales. Models useful for managing nutrient loads can simulate oxygen loss in coastal waters with some skill, but their ability to project future oxygen loss is often hampered by insufficient data and climate model projections on drivers at appropriate temporal and spatial scales. Predicting deoxygenation-induced changes in ecosystem services and human welfare requires scaling effects that are measured on individual organisms to populations, food webs, and fisheries stocks; considering combined effects of deoxygenation and other ocean stressors; and placing an increased research emphasis on developing nations. Reducing the impacts of other stressors may provide some protection to species negatively affected by low-oxygen conditions. Ultimately, though, limiting deoxygenation and its negative effects will necessitate a substantial global decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, as well as reductions in nutrient discharges to coastal waters.
1,469 citations
Authors
Showing all 1437 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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David W. Johnson | 160 | 2714 | 140778 |
Ki-Hyun Kim | 99 | 1911 | 52157 |
Thomas W. Smith | 98 | 735 | 37246 |
Alex R. Piquero | 95 | 577 | 32295 |
Joan B. Rose | 82 | 305 | 24137 |
Jonathan S. Abramowitz | 79 | 310 | 21776 |
Eric A. Storch | 77 | 751 | 24018 |
Frank E. Muller-Karger | 75 | 342 | 17261 |
Chuanmin Hu | 69 | 333 | 16256 |
Brent J. Small | 69 | 309 | 15459 |
Jian Ma | 68 | 512 | 18696 |
Robert H. Byrne | 67 | 261 | 14049 |
William E. Haley | 66 | 195 | 14549 |
Jonathan A. Patz | 65 | 170 | 29443 |
Robert D. Christensen | 65 | 462 | 17905 |