Journal ArticleDOI
A comparative study of returns to education of urban men in egypt, iran, and turkey
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present a comparative study of private returns to schooling of urban men in Egypt, Iran, and Turkey using similar survey data and a uniform methodology, and learn how the monetary signals of rewards that guide individual decisions to invest in education are shaped by the institutions of education and labor markets in these countries.Abstract:
This paper presents a comparative study of private returns to schooling of urban men in Egypt, Iran, and Turkey using similar survey data and a uniform methodology. We employ three surveys for each country that span nearly two decades, from the 1980s to 2006, and, to increase the comparability of the estimates across surveys, we focus on urban men 20–54 years old and in full time wage and salary employment. Our aim is to learn how the monetary signals of rewards that guide individual decisions to invest in education are shaped by the institutions of education and labor markets in these countries. Our estimates generally support the stylized facts of the institutions of education and labor markets in Middle Eastern countries. Their labor markets have been described as dominated by the public sector and therefore relatively inflexible, and their education systems as more focused on secondary and tertiary degrees than teaching practical and productive skills. Returns in all countries are increasing in years ...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Equality of opportunity in educational achievement in the Middle East and North Africa
TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical investigation of inequality of education opportunities in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is presented, where student scores from tests administered by the international consortium Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) for a number of MENA countries and over time since 1999 to estimate the effect of circumstances children are born into on their academic achievement in science and mathematics.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Role of Human Development in the Arab Spring
TL;DR: In this article, the authors trace the effects of human development on political change, focusing on the events of the Arab Spring, and provide provisional support for these pathways through cross-regional comparison and evidence from specific populations and sub-populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social Policy after the Arab Spring: States and Social Rights in the MENA Region
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the prospects for the shift from an authoritarian corporatist social policy regime to a democratic and developmental one, in light of popular socioeconomic and political grievances and demands.
Journal ArticleDOI
Education, Social Mobility, and Religious Movements: The Islamic Revival in Egypt
TL;DR: In this article, the authors document a contemporaneous decline in social mobility among educated youth in Egypt, the epicentre of the movement in the Arab world and develop a model to show how an unexpected decline in the social mobility combined with inequality can produce a religious revival led by the educated middle class.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does the type of higher education affect labor market outcomes? Evidence from Egypt and Jordan
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that supply-side issues and institutional incentives have little impact on labor market outcomes while family background plays by far the largest role.
References
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Book
Schooling, Experience, and Earnings
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the distribution of worker earnings across workers and over the working age as consequences of differential investments in human capital and developed the human capital earnings function, an econometric tool for assessing rates of return and other investment parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Returns to investment in education: A global update
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss methodological issues surrounding those estimates and confirm that primary education continues to be the number one investment priority in developing countries, and also show that educating females is marginally more profitable than educating males, and that the academic secondary school curriculum is a better investment than the technical/vocational tract.
Posted Content
Returns to Investment in Education: A Further Update
TL;DR: In the 40-plus year history of estimates of returns to investment in education, there have been several reviews of the empirical results in attempts to establish patterns as discussed by the authors, and many more estimates from a wide variety of countries, including over time evidence, and estimates based on new econometric techniques, reaffirm the importance of human capital theory.
Posted Content
The causal effect of education on earnings
TL;DR: This paper surveys the recent literature on the causal relationship between education and earnings and concludes that the average (or average marginal) return to education is not much below the estimate that emerges from a standard human capital earnings function fit by OLS.
BookDOI
Returns to investment in education: a further update
TL;DR: In the 40-plus year history of estimates of returns to investment in education, there have been several reviews of the empirical results in attempts to establish patterns as mentioned in this paper, and many more estimates from a wide variety of countries, including over time evidence, and estimates based on new econometric techniques, reaffirm the importance of human capital theory.