Journal ArticleDOI
An introductory review of cell mechanobiology.
James H.-C. Wang,B P. Thampatty +1 more
TLDR
Future research in the area of cell mechanobiology will require novel experimental and theoretical methodologies to determine the type and magnitude of the forces experienced at the cellular and sub-cellular levels and to identify the force sensors/receptors that initiate the cascade of cellular and molecular events.Abstract:
Mechanical loads induce changes in the structure, composition, and function of living tissues. Cells in tissues are responsible for these changes, which cause physiological or pathological alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM). This article provides an introductory review of the mechanobiology of load-sensitive cells in vivo, which include fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. Many studies have shown that mechanical loads affect diverse cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, ECM gene and protein expression, and the production of soluble factors. Major cellular components involved in the mechanotransduction mechanisms include the cytoskeleton, integrins, G proteins, receptor tyrosine kinases, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and stretch-activated ion channels. Future research in the area of cell mechanobiology will require novel experimental and theoretical methodologies to determine the type and magnitude of the forces experienced at the cellular and sub-cellular levels and to identify the force sensors/receptors that initiate the cascade of cellular and molecular eventsread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix homeostasis
TL;DR: Progress towards understanding the molecular, cellular and tissue-level effects that promote mechanical homeostasis has helped to identify key questions for future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
The small GTP-binding protein rho regulates the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors
Anne J. Ridley,Alan Hall +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, rho, a ras-related GTP-binding protein, rapidly stimulated stress fiber and focal adhesion formation when microinjected into serum-starved Swiss 3T3 cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microengineered Platforms for Cell Mechanobiology
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss emerging bioengineered tools enabled by micro-scale technologies for studying the roles of mechanical forces in cell biology and discuss how microengineered platforms can be used to generate in vivo-like micromechanical environment in in vitro settings for investigating cellular processes in normal and pathophysiological contexts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrins in mechanotransduction
Tyler D Ross,Brian Bg Coon,Sanguk Yun,Nicolas Baeyens,Keiichiro Tanaka,Mingxing Ouyang,Martin A. Schwartz +6 more
TL;DR: Effects of forces on organs, tissues, and cells are summarized; recent advances toward understanding molecular mechanisms are discussed; and the role of Integrin-mediated adhesions is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Elastic theory of unconstrained non-Euclidean plates
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a mathematical framework for non-Euclidean plates in terms of a covariant theory of linear elasticity, valid for large displacements.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s
TL;DR: The ability to control the expression of genes encoding these molecules and to target specific cell types provides opportunities to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic agents to induce the regression of the lesions and, possibly, to prevent their formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrins: versatility, modulation, and signaling in cell adhesion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Signal transduction by receptors with tyrosine kinase activity
Axel Ullrich,Joseph Schlessinger +1 more
TL;DR: Cet article synthese montre comment des recepteurs membranaires a activite tyrosine kinase peuvent etre impliques dans la transduction and notamment jouent le role de signal de the transduction.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis — An Update
TL;DR: A response-to-injury hypothesis of atherogenesis proposes that "injury" to the endothelium is the initiating event in atherosclerosis, and intimal smooth-muscle proliferation as the key event in the development of the advanced lesions of Atherosclerosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry.
Robert Visse,Hideaki Nagase +1 more
TL;DR: This review describes the members of the matrixin family and discusses substrate specificity, domain structure and function, the activation of proMMPs, the regulation of matrixin activity by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and their pathophysiological implication.