Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative study of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by four typical nanomaterials: the role of particle size, shape and composition.
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TLDR
The comparative analysis demonstrated that particle composition probably played a primary role in the cytotoxic effects of different nanoparticles, however, the potential genotoxicity might be mostly attributed to particle shape.Abstract:
Although the biological effects of some nanomaterials have already been assessed, information on toxicity and possible mechanisms of various particle types are insufficient. Moreover, the role of particle properties in the toxic reaction remains to be fully understood. In this paper, we aimed to explore the interrelationship between particle size, shape, chemical composition and toxicological effects of four typical nanomaterials with comparable properties: carbon black (CB), single wall carbon nanotube, silicon dioxide (SiO(2)) and zinc dioxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. We investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects of particles on primary mouse embryo fibroblast cells. As observed in the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) assays, ZnO induced much greater cytotoxicity than non-metal nanoparticles. This was significantly in accordance with intracellular oxidative stress levels measured by glutathione depletion, malondialdehyde production, superoxide dismutase inhibition as well as reactive oxygen species generation. The results indicated that oxidative stress may be a key route in inducing the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. Compared with ZnO nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes were moderately cytotoxic but induced more DNA damage determined by the comet assay. CB and SiO(2) seemed to be less effective. The comparative analysis demonstrated that particle composition probably played a primary role in the cytotoxic effects of different nanoparticles. However, the potential genotoxicity might be mostly attributed to particle shape.read more
Citations
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Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Cells
TL;DR: A possible mechanism of toxicity is proposed which involves disruption of the mitochondrial respiratory chain by Ag-np leading to production of ROS and interruption of ATP synthesis, which in turn cause DNA damage.
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Review on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Mechanism.
Amna Sirelkhatim,Shahrom Mahmud,Azman Seeni,Noor Haida Mohamad Kaus,Ling Chuo Ann,Siti Khadijah Mohd Bakhori,Habsah Hasan,Dasmawati Mohamad +7 more
TL;DR: This review covered ZnO-NPs antibacterial activity including testing methods, impact of UV illumination,ZnO particle properties (size, concentration, morphology, and defects), particle surface modification, and minimum inhibitory concentration.
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Size-Dependent Bacterial Growth Inhibition and Mechanism of Antibacterial Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
TL;DR: The experimental results suggest that ZnO nanoparticles could be developed as antibacterial agents against a wide range of microorganisms to control and prevent the spreading and persistence of bacterial infections.
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Toxicity of nanomaterials
Shahriar Sharifi,Shahed Behzadi,Sophie Laurent,M. Laird Forrest,Pieter Stroeve,Morteza Mahmoudi,Morteza Mahmoudi +6 more
TL;DR: A critical review of the biophysicochemical properties of various nanomaterials with emphasis on currently available toxicology data and methodologies for evaluating nanoparticle toxicity suggests that NPs may need to be sequestered into products so that the NPs are not released into the atmosphere during the product's life or during recycling.
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Zinc oxide nanoparticles for selective destruction of tumor cells and potential for drug delivery applications.
TL;DR: Through a better understanding of the mechanisms of action and cellular consequences resulting from nanoparticles interactions with cells, the inherent toxicity and selectivity of ZnO nanoparticles against cancer may be improved further to make them attractive new anticancer agents.
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TL;DR: The working group report presents a broad data gathering strategy applicable to this early stage in the development of a risk assessment process for nanomaterials, and there is a strong likelihood that biological activity of nanoparticles will depend on physicochemical parameters not routinely considered in toxicity screening studies.
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Pulmonary Toxicity of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Mice 7 and 90 Days After Intratracheal Instillation
TL;DR: Results show that, for the test conditions described here and on an equal-weight basis, if carbon nanotubes reach the lungs, they are much more toxic than carbon black and can be more Toxic than quartz, which is considered a serious occupational health hazard in chronic inhalation exposures.