Journal ArticleDOI
EEMCO guidance for the assessment of stratum corneum hydration: electrical methods
TLDR
The improvement of stratum corneum hydration is one of the most important claims in the cosmetic industry and should be considered a priority for further research.Abstract:
Background/aims:
The improvement of stratum corneum hydration is one of the most important claims in the cosmetic industry.
Methods:
Objective assessment of moisturization can be done with devices based on electrical methods provided these instruments are used in an appropriate manner.
Results:
This paper deals with the biophysical basis behind these techniques and describes the most important variables, pitfalls and drawbacks related to measurements and current instrumentation. Individual-related and environment-related variables are also analyzed as well as study designs for predictive or use tests.
Conclusions:
Practical suggestions for standardization of measurements are given.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Natural skin surface pH is on average below 5, which is beneficial for its resident flora
TL;DR: Assessment of skin surface pH of the volar forearm before and after refraining from showering and cosmetic product application and the effect of pH on adhesion of resident skin microflora was assessed; an acid skin pH (4–4.5) keeps the resident bacterial flora attached to the skin, whereas an alkaline pH (8–9) promotes the dispersal from the skin.
Journal ArticleDOI
EEMCO Guidance for the Assessment of Transepidermal Water Loss in Cosmetic Sciences
TL;DR: Measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), based on the estimation of the water vapour gradient in an open chamber, is being used to support claims of cosmetics including product mildness, reduction in irritative skin reactions, skin hydration, skin repair, protective effect against UV damage and others.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ceramide-dominant barrier repair lipids alleviate childhood atopic dermatitis: Changes in barrier function provide a sensitive indicator of disease activity
Sarah L. Chamlin,Jack Kao,Ilona J. Frieden,Mary Y. Sheu,Ashley J. Fowler,Joachim W. Fluhr,Mary L. Williams,Peter M. Elias +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that a ceramide-dominant, barrier repair emollient represents a safe, useful adjunct to the treatment of childhood AD and TEWL is at least as sensitive an indicator of fluctuations in AD disease activity as are SCORAD values.
Journal ArticleDOI
Barrier function and water-holding and transport properties of infant stratum corneum are different from adult and continue to develop through the first year of life.
TL;DR: The results suggest that although the stratum corneum of infants may appear intact shortly after birth, the way it stores and transports water becomes adult-like only after the first year of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measuring the effects of topical moisturizers on changes in stratum corneum thickness, water gradients and hydration in vivo
Jonathan M. Crowther,Anke Sieg,Peter Blenkiron,Curtis Marcott,Paul J. Matts,Joseph Robert Kaczvinsky,Anthony Vincent Rawlings +6 more
TL;DR: The development of confocal Raman spectroscopy for use in human subjects provides noninvasive, real‐time, in vivo measurement of SC water concentration profiles and this state of the art equipment is used to measure the effect of the long‐term use of moisturizers on SC thickness for the first time.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Friction, capacitance and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in dry atopic and normal skin
TL;DR: The biophysical properties of non‐eczematous skin at three locations in atopics and non‐atopics were characterized using non‐invasive physical methods and in most areas a significant correlation between friction and capacitance was found.
Journal Article
Assessment of skin moisture: measurement of electrical conductance, capacitance and transepidermal water loss
C W Blichmann,J Serup +1 more
TL;DR: Both hydrometers were deemed relevant and valid for assessment of skin moisture and their combined use is recommended, and according to reproducibility studies, the Corneometer CM 420 was more accurate than the Skicon-100.
Skin impedance and moisturization
E. J. Clar,C. G. Sturelle +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the in vivo evaluation of the hydration state of stratum corneum on human subjects is presented, and the relationship between hydration and skin impedance is proposed on the basis of the experimental results.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical measurement of the water content of the stratum corneum in vivo and in vitro under various conditions: comparison between skin surface hygrometer and corneometer in evaluation of the skin surface hydration state.
TL;DR: Although the capacitance device correlated poorly with the hydration dynamics in normal SC, its sensitivity to changes occurring in extremely dry skin, such as scaly psoriatic lesions, suggests its measurements characteristics at an extremely low state of hydration, consisting of mostly bound water,such as noted in pathologic SC.
Journal Article
The influence of a single application of different moisturizers on the skin capacitance.
M. Loden,M. Lindberg +1 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate that the non-absorbed components influences the capacitance values, and the interpretation of electrical measurements with respect to skin moisture should be made with caution.