Mesenchymal stem cells reside in virtually all post-natal organs and tissues
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The results suggest that the distribution of MSCs throughout the post-natal organism is related to their existence in a perivascular niche, which has implications for understanding MSC biology, and for clinical and pharmacological purposes.Abstract:
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which can give rise to mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal tissues in vitro and in vivo. Whereas in vitro properties such as (trans)differentiation capabilities are well known, there is little information regarding natural distribution and biology in the living organism. To investigate the subject further, we generated long-term cultures of cells with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics from different organs and tissues from adult mice. These populations have morphology, immunophenotype and growth properties similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs. The differentiation potential was related to the tissue of origin. The results indicate that (1) cells with mesenchymal stem characteristics can be derived and propagated in vitro from different organs and tissues (brain, spleen, liver, kidney, lung, bone marrow, muscle, thymus, pancreas); (2) MSC long-term cultures can be generated from large blood vessels such as the aorta artery and the vena cava, as well as from small vessels such as those from kidney glomeruli; (3) MSCs are not detected in peripheral blood. Taken together, these results suggest that the distribution of MSCs throughout the post-natal organism is related to their existence in a perivascular niche. These findings have implications for understanding MSC biology, and for clinical and pharmacological purposes.read more
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Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease
TL;DR: The targets and mechanisms of M SC-mediated immunomodulation and the possible translation of MSCs to new therapeutic approaches are discussed.
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Adult mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering versus regenerative medicine.
TL;DR: The biological basis for the in vivo functioning of MSCs through development and aging is summarized and they appear to be valuable mediators for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Geometric cues for directing the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
TL;DR: The role that geometric shape cues can play in orchestrating the mechanochemical signals and paracrine/autocrine factors that can direct MSCs to appropriate fates is pointed to.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Dental Tissues vs. Those from Other Sources: Their Biology and Role in Regenerative Medicine
TL;DR: This article will review the isolation and characterization of the properties of different dental MSC-like populations in comparison with those of other MSCs, such as BMMSCs.
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Complexity in biomaterials for tissue engineering
TL;DR: The molecular and physical information coded within the extracellular milieu is informing the development of a new generation of biomaterials for tissue engineering, and exciting developments are likely to help reconcile the clinical and commercial pressures on tissue engineering.
References
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