Peyer's Patches: The Immune Sensors of the Intestine
TLDR
The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) consists of isolated or aggregated lymphoid follicles forming Peyer's patches (PPs), which can be considered as the immune sensors of the intestine by their ability to transport luminal antigens and bacteria.Abstract:
The gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) consists of isolated or aggregated lymphoid follicles forming Peyer's patches (PPs). By their ability to transport luminal antigens and bacteria, PPs can be considered as the immune sensors of the intestine. PPs functions like induction of immune tolerance or defense against pathogens result from the complex interplay between immune cells located in the lymphoid follicles and the follicle-associated epithelium. This crosstalk seems to be regulated by pathogen recognition receptors, especially Nod2. Although TLR exerts a limited role in PP homeotasis, Nod2 regulates the number, size, and T-cell composition of PPs, in response to the gut flora. In turn, CD4read more
Citations
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Pediatric Crohn disease patients exhibit specific ileal transcriptome and microbiome signature
Yael Haberman,Timothy L. Tickle,Phillip J. Dexheimer,Mi-Ok Kim,Dora Tang,Rebekah Karns,Robert N. Baldassano,Joshua D. Noe,Joel R. Rosh,James Markowitz,Melvin B. Heyman,Anne M. Griffiths,Wallace Crandall,David R. Mack,Susan S. Baker,Curtis Huttenhower,David J. Keljo,Jeffrey S. Hyams,Subramaniam Kugathasan,Thomas D. Walters,Bruce J. Aronow,Ramnik J. Xavier,Dirk Gevers,Lee A. Denson +23 more
TL;DR: These CD-specific host and microbe profiles identify the ileum as the primary inductive site for all forms of CD and may direct prognostic and therapeutic approaches.
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The dormant blood microbiome in chronic, inflammatory diseases
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Intestinal redox biology and oxidative stress.
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