Journal ArticleDOI
The costs and socio-economic benefits associated with the Natura 2000 network
Sonja Gantioler,Matt Rayment,Patrick ten Brink,Andrew McConville,Marianne Kettunen,Samuela Bassi +5 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors present evidence of the costs and benefits of Natura 2000 and make the proposals regarding future work that would improve understanding of these at a local, regional, national and EU level.Abstract:
The EU’s Habitats and Birds Directives form the basis of efforts to conserve Europe’s biodiversity, with the implementation of a network of protected areas – Natura 2000 – lying at their heart. Implementation of Natura 2000 involves substantial capital investment and requires resources for on-going management and monitoring activities. The network can also deliver a variety of socio-economic benefits, resulting from a range of provisioning, regulating and cultural services, each of which supports human well being. While there is still a lack of quantitative and monetary data for the socio-economic benefits associated with Natura 2000, there is evidence that the benefits to society are larger than the costs of managing and investing in the network. This paper reviews evidence of the costs and benefits of Natura 2000 and makes the proposals regarding future work that would improve understanding of these at a local, regional, national and EU level.read more
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Natural solutions : protected areas helping people cope with climate change (Korean version)
Alexander Belokurov,Nigel Dudley,Linda Krueger,N. Lopoukhine,Kathy MacKinnon,Trevor Sandwith,Nikhil Sekhran,Sue Stolton +7 more
TL;DR: Protected areas play a major role in reducing climate changing carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere and serve as natural buffers against climate impacts and other disasters, providing space for floodwaters to disperse, stabilizing soil against landslides and blocking storm surges as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of biodiversity in supporting ecosystem services in Natura 2000 sites
TL;DR: In this paper, a case study on Natura 2000 sites in the Ore Mountains in the German state of Saxony is presented, where only a small portion of the species listed in the Annexes of the Habitats Directive is bound to particular habitat types, which can be regarded as indicators both for these habitats and for the ecosystem services they provide, as well as for indicating changes in ecosystems and related services, which are caused by climate change and land use changes.
Tourism management perspectives
TL;DR: A concise and factual abstract is required that summarizes the contents of the article in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership online.
Journal ArticleDOI
Europe Needs a New Vision for a Natura 2020 Network
Axel Hochkirch,Thomas Schmitt,Joscha Beninde,Marietta Hiery,Tim Kinitz,Jenny Kirschey,Daniela Matenaar,Katja Rohde,Aleke Stoefen,Norman Wagner,Andreas Zink,Stefan Lötters,Michael Veith,Alexander Proelss +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline four major problems in the current implementation of the Habitats Directive and propose an improved on-ground monitoring system, focusing on population trends of priority species and feeding back to management plans and red list assessments.
ReportDOI
Socio-economic importance of ecosystem services in the Nordic Countries : Synthesis in the context of The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a synthesis of the socioeconomic importance of ecosystem services in the Nordic countries and reveal that Nordic ecosystems play an integral role in supporting socio-economic wellbeing.
References
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The interaction of TIGIT with PVR and PVRL2 inhibits human NK cell cytotoxicity
Noa Stanietsky,Hrvoje Šimić,Jurica Arapović,Amir Toporik,Ofer Levy,Amit Novik,Zurit Levine,Meirav Beiman,Liat Dassa,Hagit Achdout,Noam Stern-Ginossar,Pinhas Tsukerman,Stipan Jonjić,Ofer Mandelboim +13 more
TL;DR: It is shown that TIGIT is expressed by all human NK cells, that it binds PVR and PVRL2 but not PVRL3 and that it inhibits NK cytotoxicity directly through its ITIM, providing an “alternative self” mechanism for MHC class I inhibition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Defining and classifying ecosystem services for decision making
TL;DR: The concept of ecosystem services has become an important model for linking the functioning of ecosystems to human welfare Understanding this link is critical for a wide-range of decision-making contexts.
BookDOI
Guidelines for applying protected area management categories
TL;DR: IUCN's Protected Areas Management Categories (PAMC) are recognized by international bodies such as the United Nations as well as many national governments as mentioned in this paper as the benchmark for defining, recording and classifying protected areas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Economic Reasons for Conserving Wild Nature
Andrew Balmford,Aaron Bruner,Philip Cooper,Robert Costanza,Stephen Farber,Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Martin Jenkins,Paul Jefferiss,Valma Jessamy,Joah R. Madden,Kat Munro,Norman Myers,Shahid Naeem,Jouni Paavola,Matthew Rayment,Sergio Rosendo,Joan Roughgarden,Kate Trumper,R. Kerry Turner +19 more
TL;DR: It is estimated that the overall benefit:cost ratio of an effective global program for the conservation of remaining wild nature is at least 100:1.