Babol University of Medical Sciences

About: Babol University of Medical Sciences is a education organization based out in Babol, Iran. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 3195 authors who have published 4005 publications receiving 39888 citations.

The in-vitro effects of nicotine, cotinine and leptin on sperm parameters analyzed by CASA system

Abstract: Backgrand: Cotinine (COT) is a major degradation product of nicotine (NIC). The participation of leptin in female reproduction is well-established, but any role in male reproductive function is at the best tenuous. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro effects of nicotine, cotinine and leptin on sperm parameters in normal semen of non-smokers fertile men. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy nonsmokers aged 25-40 years old were devided into 7 groups, Thier semens were divided into 7 aliquots. (A) was layered with basal solution 70 ng/ml NIC, (B) 35 µg/ml NIC, (C) 300 ng/ml COT, (D) 200 µg/ml COT, (E) 30 ng/ml leptin, (F) 300 ng/ml leptin respectively and (G) was layered with mHTF. After migration, the samples were examined at time 0, +1, +2, +4, +8, and + 24 h of incubation. Results: These findings were obtained: sperm count: 75.66±66.25x10 6 /ml, forward motility: 75.55±14.80%, progress: 33.66±13.01, VSL: 51.58±6.99 µm/s, VCL: 103.33±14.52 µm/s, ALH: 4.33±0.77 µm, BCF: 25.60±2.97 HZ, STR: 79.33±8.04 %, LIN: 52.55±10.52 %, ELO: 74.22 ± 12.76 % and ARE: 3.04 ± 1.50 u/sq. The parameters were similar before 8 hr and were being decreased after that. Conclusion: According to the results. nicotin and cotinin have negative effects on the sperm parameters but despite the positive effect of leptin, there is no correlation between leptin concentration in semen and its physical characteristics.

New insights into the role of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in most common neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a diversity of neurological disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central nervous system (CNS). The most common NDs are Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Recently, many studies have investigated associations between common NDs with noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) molecules. ncRNAs are regulatory molecules in the normal functioning of the CNS. Two of the most important ncRNAs are microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). These types of ncRNAs are involved in different biological processes including brain development, maturation, differentiation, neuronal cell specification, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission. Increasing data has demonstrated that miRNAs and lncRNAs have strong correlations with the development of NDs, particularly gene expression. Besides, ncRNAs can be introduced as new biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of NDs. Hence, in this review, we summarized the involvement of various miRNAs and lncRNAs in most common NDs followed by a correlation of ncRNAs dysregulation with the AD, PD, and HD.

Age at menarche in girls born from 1985 to 1989 in Mazandaran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Abstract: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 2246 girls born between 1985 and 1989 to determine the age of menarche in Mazandaran province northern Islamic Republic of Iran. Six cities were selected randomly and cluster sampling used to select high-school students in urban and rural areas. Students with malnutrition anaemia and chronic infections such as tuberculosis were excluded. The mean (standard deviation) age of menarche was 12.5 (1.1) years 95% CI: 12.45-12.55 years. The most frequent occurrence of menarche was in summer and least frequent in winter. Menarche age was significantly higher in girls living in rural areas and with fathers with lower education. (authors)

Global prevalence of Toxocara infection in cats.

Abstract: Zoonotic parasites, including Toxocara species, of pet and stray cats are of public health importance. Justification for, and the design and implementation of prevention and control of human toxocariasis may benefit from an understanding of the zoonotic potential and prevalence of parasites in this definitive host species. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies, conducted to estimate the prevalence of Toxocara infection(s) in cats by geographical location, type (rural vs urban and stray vs pet), gender and age. Pooled data were assessed using a random effects-model as well as several meta-regression and stratified analyses conducted. Of 1733 peer-reviewed articles, 143 were included in this review and represented 2,158,069 cats from 51 countries. The global pooled (95% CI) prevalence of Toxocara infection in cats was 17.0% (16.1-17.8%), being highest in African (43.3%, 28.3-58.4%) and lowest in South American (12.6%, 8.2-17.0%) countries. In other WHO regions, prevalence rates of Toxocara were as follows: Eastern Mediterranean (21.6%, 15.1-28.1%), North America (18.3%, 15.4-21.2%), Europe (17.8%, 15.9-19.7%), Western Pacific (17.3%, 14.7-19.9%), and South-East Asia (14.9%, 9.8-20.1%). Prevalence of Toxocara was higher in low-income tropical countries and also in stray (28.6%, 25.1-32.1%) and young (≤12 months of age) (27.7%, 23.4-32.0%) cats than in pet (11.6%, 10.7-12.5%) and older cats (>12 months of age) (23.8%, 14.8-32.7%). This review indicates that ~118-150 million cats worldwide serve as definitive hosts of Toxocara, shedding eggs and thus contributing to the public health risk of human infection. Prevention and control of this zoonosis in cats should receive greater attention by health officials and cat owners, particularly in countries where risk factors and prevalence are highest.