Daphnia as an Emerging Epigenetic Model Organism
TLDR
Daphnia's parthenogenetic life cycle allows the study of epigenetic effects in the absence of confounding genetic differences, and more thorough studies on DNA methylation as well as investigation of histone modifications and RNAi in sex determination and predator-induced defenses will contribute to the understanding of epigenetics.Abstract:
Daphnia offer a variety of benefits for the study of epigenetics. Daphnia's parthenogenetic life cycle allows the study of epigenetic effects in the absence of confounding genetic differences. Sex determination and sexual reproduction are epigenetically determined as are several other well-studied alternate phenotypes that arise in response to environmental stressors. Additionally, there is a large body of ecological literature available, recently complemented by the genome sequence of one species and transgenic technology. DNA methylation has been shown to be altered in response to toxicants and heavy metals, although investigation of other epigenetic mechanisms is only beginning. More thorough studies on DNA methylation as well as investigation of histone modifications and RNAi in sex determination and predator-induced defenses using this ecologically and evolutionarily important organism will contribute to our understanding of epigenetics.read more
Citations
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Impact of climate change on Antarctic krill
Hauke Flores,Hauke Flores,Angus Atkinson,So Kawaguchi,Bjørn A. Krafft,Gennadi Milinevsky,Stephen Nicol,Christian S. Reiss,Geraint A. Tarling,R. Werner,E. Bravo Rebolledo,V. Cirelli,Janine Cuzin-Roudy,Sophie Fielding,J. J. Groeneveld,Matilda Haraldsson,A. Lombana,Enrique Marschoff,Bettina Meyer,E. A. Pakhomov,Emilce Rombolá,Katrin Schmidt,Volker Siegel,Mathias Teschke,H. Tonkes,Jean-Yves Toullec,Philip N. Trathan,Nelly Tremblay,A. P. Van de Putte,J.A. van Franeker,Thorsten Werner +30 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the overall impact of climate change on krill and Antarctic ecosystems, discuss implications for an ecosystem-based fisheries management approach and identify critical knowledge gaps.
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Epigenetic memory of environmental organisms: a reflection of lifetime stressor exposures.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight epigenetic factors, specifically DNA methylation, as mechanisms of adaptation and response to environmental factors and which, if persistent, have the potential, retrospectively, to reflect previous stress exposures.
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