Free radicals, natural antioxidants, and their reaction mechanisms
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TLDR
The mechanism of action of the natural antioxidant compounds and assays and their reaction mechanisms can help in evaluating the antioxidant activity of various antioxidant compounds as well as in the development of novel antioxidants.Abstract:
The normal biochemical reactions in our body, increased exposure to the environment, and higher levels of dietary xenobiotic's result in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The ROS and RNS create oxidative stress in different pathophysiological conditions. The reported chemical evidence suggests that dietary antioxidants help in disease prevention. The antioxidant compounds react in one-electron reactions with free radicals in vivo/in vitro and prevent oxidative damage. Therefore, it is very important to understand the reaction mechanism of antioxidants with the free radicals. This review elaborates the mechanism of action of the natural antioxidant compounds and assays for the evaluation of their antioxidant activities. The reaction mechanisms of the antioxidant assays are briefly discussed (165 references). Practical applications: understanding the reaction mechanisms can help in evaluating the antioxidant activity of various antioxidant compounds as well as in the development of novel antioxidants.read more
Citations
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Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids.
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Ulvan: A systematic review of extraction, composition and function
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Abiotic Stress and Reactive Oxygen Species: Generation, Signaling, and Defense Mechanisms
Swati Sachdev,Shamim Akhtar Ansari,Mohammad Israil Ansari,Masayuki Fujita,Mirza Hasanuzzaman +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, the status of known sites of production, signaling mechanisms/pathways, effects, and management of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within plant cells under stress.
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Antioxidant Compounds and Their Antioxidant Mechanism
Norma Francenia Santos-Sánchez,Raúl Salas-Coronado,Claudia Villanueva-Cañongo,Beatriz Hernández-Carlos +3 more
TL;DR: In vitro antioxidant reaction mechanisms of organic compounds polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins C against free radicals and prooxidant compounds under diverse conditions are reviewed, as well as the most commonly used methods to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these compounds according to the mechanism involved in the reaction with free radicals.
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The role of methionine on metabolism, oxidative stress, and diseases
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TL;DR: Methionine restriction prevents altered methionine/transmethylation metabolism, thereby decreasing DNA damage and carcinogenic processes and possibly preventing arterial, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases.
References
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Journal Article
Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids
TL;DR: The factors underlying the influence of the different classes of polyphenols in enhancing their resistance to oxidation are discussed and support the contention that the partition coefficients of the flavonoids as well as their rates of reaction with the relevant radicals define the antioxidant activities in the lipophilic phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes.
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive summary on the chemical properties of 4-hydroxyalkenals and malonaldehyde, the mechanisms of their formation and their occurrence in biological systems and methods for their determination, as well as the many types of biological activities described so far.
Journal ArticleDOI
Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer
TL;DR: This review examines the evidence for involvement of the oxidative stress in the carcinogenesis process and the role of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the process of carcinogenesis as well as the antioxidant interactions with various regulatory factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants
TL;DR: These low molecular mass antioxidant molecules add significantly to the defense provided by the enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidases, which are termed ‘oxidative stress’.