Journal ArticleDOI
Nutrient recycling of aqueous phase for microalgae cultivation from the hydrothermal liquefaction process
Patrick Biller,Andrew B. Ross,Stephen C. Skill,Amanda Lea-Langton,B. Balasundaram,C. Hall,R. Riley,Carole A. Llewellyn +7 more
TLDR
The results show that the closed loop system using the recovered aqueous phase from the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae offers a promising route for sustainable oil production and nutrient management formicroalgae.Abstract:
Two major considerations of the emerging algae biofuel industry are the energy intensive dewatering of the algae slurry and nutrient management. The proposed closed loop process which involves nutrient recycling of the aqueous phase from the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae offers a solution to both aspects. Hydrothermal liquefaction has been shown to be a low energy process for bio-crude production from microalgae. For the purpose of this research, microalgae strains of Chlorella vulgaris , Scenedesmus dimorphus and the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis and Chlorogloeopsis fritschii were processed in batch reactors at 300 °C and 350 °C. Following liquefaction the product phases were separated and the water phase recovered. The bio-crude yields ranged from 27 to 47 wt.%. The bio-crudes were of low O and N content and high heating value making them suitable for further processing. The water phase was analysed for all major nutrients, TOC and TN to determine the suitability of the recycled aqueous phase for algae cultivation. Growth trials were performed for each algae strain in a standard growth medium and compared to the growth rates in a series of dilutions of the recycled process water phase. Growth was determined by cell count and chlorophyll a absorbance. Growth occurred in heavy dilutions where the amount of growth inhibitors was not too high. The results show that the closed loop system using the recovered aqueous phase offers a promising route for sustainable oil production and nutrient management for microalgae.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A review on hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors briefly enlightened a few concepts of HTL such as the elemental composition of bio-crude obtained by HTL, different types of feedstock adopted for HTL processes, possible process flow diagrams of both wet and dry biomass and energy efficiency of the process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass: Developments from batch to continuous process
TL;DR: This review describes the recent results in hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass in continuous-flow processing systems, and process models have been developed, and mass and energy balances determined.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of hydrothermal biomass processing
TL;DR: In this paper, the physicochemical properties of water under subcritical and supercritical conditions and the interactions of water with biomass are discussed in the present paper, and the characteristics of various types of hydrothermal processing products are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anaerobic digestion of algae biomass: A review
TL;DR: To consider the integration of anaerobic digestion into a commercial-scale integrated microalgae production and biofuel refinery facility or wastewater treatment plant, a review of the literature, the current state of the art and future directions for research is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards industrial products from microalgae
Jesús Ruiz,Giuseppe Olivieri,Jeroen H. de Vree,R. Bosma,Philippe Willems,J. Hans Reith,Michel H.M. Eppink,Dorinde M.M. Kleinegris,René H. Wijffels,René H. Wijffels,Maria J. Barbosa +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of business cases for different markets of products from microalgae was analyzed for a 100 hectares facility in six locations in Spain, with an expected reduction to 0.5 € kg−1 in ten years.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: A review of sub- and supercritical water technologies
Andrew A. Peterson,Andrew A. Peterson,Frédéric Vogel,Russell P. Lachance,Morgan Fröling,Michael Jerry Antal,Jefferson W. Tester +6 more
TL;DR: Several biomass hydrothermal conversion processes are in development or demonstration as mentioned in this paper, which are generally lower temperature (200-400 °C) reactions which produce liquid products, often called bio-oil or bio-crude.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anaerobic digestion of microalgae as a necessary step to make microalgal biodiesel sustainable.
TL;DR: The ability of these CO2 consuming microalgae to purify biogas and concentrate methane is discussed, and anaerobic digestion of the whole biomass appears to be the optimal strategy on an energy balance basis for the energetic recovery of cell biomass.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential yields and properties of oil from the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae with different biochemical content.
Patrick Biller,Andrew B. Ross +1 more
TL;DR: Broad agreement is reached between predictive yields and actual yields for the microalgae based on their biochemical composition, and the yields of bio-crude follow the trend lipids>proteins>carbohydrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal liquefaction and gasification of Nannochloropsis sp.
TL;DR: This article converted the marine microalga Nannochloropsis sp. into a crude bio-oil product and a gaseous product via hydrothermal processing from 200 to 500 °C and a batch holding time of 60 min.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal processing of microalgae using alkali and organic acids
TL;DR: In this paper, the conditions for producing high quality, low molecular weight bio-crude from microalgae and cyanobacteria containing low lipid contents including Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina were investigated.
Related Papers (5)
Potential yields and properties of oil from the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae with different biochemical content.
Patrick Biller,Andrew B. Ross +1 more