Journal ArticleDOI
Principal component analysis
Hervé Abdi,Lynne J. Williams +1 more
TLDR
Principal component analysis (PCA) as discussed by the authors is a multivariate technique that analyzes a data table in which observations are described by several inter-correlated quantitative dependent variables, and its goal is to extract the important information from the table, to represent it as a set of new orthogonal variables called principal components, and display the pattern of similarity of the observations and of the variables as points in maps.Abstract:
Principal component analysis PCA is a multivariate technique that analyzes a data table in which observations are described by several inter-correlated quantitative dependent variables. Its goal is to extract the important information from the table, to represent it as a set of new orthogonal variables called principal components, and to display the pattern of similarity of the observations and of the variables as points in maps. The quality of the PCA model can be evaluated using cross-validation techniques such as the bootstrap and the jackknife. PCA can be generalized as correspondence analysis CA in order to handle qualitative variables and as multiple factor analysis MFA in order to handle heterogeneous sets of variables. Mathematically, PCA depends upon the eigen-decomposition of positive semi-definite matrices and upon the singular value decomposition SVD of rectangular matrices. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The structure and dynamics of multilayer networks
Stefano Boccaletti,Ginestra Bianconi,Regino Criado,Regino Criado,C.I. del Genio,Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes,Miguel Romance,Miguel Romance,Irene Sendiña-Nadal,Irene Sendiña-Nadal,Zhen Wang,Massimiliano Zanin +11 more
TL;DR: This work offers a comprehensive review on both structural and dynamical organization of graphs made of diverse relationships (layers) between its constituents, and cover several relevant issues, from a full redefinition of the basic structural measures, to understanding how the multilayer nature of the network affects processes and dynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Partial Least Squares (PLS) methods for neuroimaging: a tutorial and review.
TL;DR: For both PLS methods, statistical inferences are implemented using cross-validation techniques to identify significant patterns of voxel activation and are presented with small numerical examples and typical applications in neuroimaging.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)
Andrea Cossarizza,Hyun-Dong Chang,Andreas Radbruch,Andreas Acs,Dieter Adam,Sabine Adam-Klages,William W. Agace,William W. Agace,Nima Aghaeepour,Mübeccel Akdis,Matthieu Allez,Larissa Nogueira Almeida,Giorgia Alvisi,Graham Anderson,Immanuel Andrä,Francesco Annunziato,Achille Anselmo,Petra Bacher,Cosima T. Baldari,Sudipto Bari,Vincenzo Barnaba,Vincenzo Barnaba,Joana Barros-Martins,Luca Battistini,Wolfgang Bauer,Sabine Baumgart,Nicole Baumgarth,Dirk Baumjohann,Bianka Baying,Mary Bebawy,Burkhard Becher,Wolfgang Beisker,Vladimir Benes,Rudi Beyaert,Alfonso Blanco,Dominic A. Boardman,Christian Bogdan,Jessica G. Borger,Giovanna Borsellino,Philip E. Boulais,Jolene Bradford,Dirk Brenner,Dirk Brenner,Ryan R. Brinkman,Anna E. S. Brooks,Dirk H. Busch,Martin Büscher,Timothy P. Bushnell,Federica Calzetti,Garth Cameron,Ilenia Cammarata,Xuetao Cao,Susanna Cardell,Stefano Casola,Marco A. Cassatella,Andrea Cavani,Antonio Celada,Lucienne Chatenoud,Pratip K. Chattopadhyay,Sue Chow,Eleni Christakou,Eleni Christakou,Luka Cicin-Sain,Mario Clerici,Federico Colombo,Laura Cook,Anne Cooke,Andrea M. Cooper,Alexandra J. Corbett,Antonio Cosma,Lorenzo Cosmi,Pierre Coulie,Ana Cumano,Ljiljana Cvetkovic,Van Duc Dang,Chantip Dang-Heine,Martin S. Davey,Derek Davies,Sara De Biasi,Genny Del Zotto,Gelo Victoriano Dela Cruz,Michael Delacher,Silvia Della Bella,Paolo Dellabona,Günnur Deniz,Mark C. Dessing,James P. Di Santo,Andreas Diefenbach,Francesco Dieli,Andreas Dolf,Thomas Dörner,Regine J. Dress,Diana Dudziak,Michael L. Dustin,Charles-Antoine Dutertre,Charles-Antoine Dutertre,Friederike Ebner,Sidonia B G Eckle,Matthias Edinger,Pascale Eede,Götz R. A. Ehrhardt,Marcus Eich,Pablo Engel,Britta Engelhardt,Anna Erdei,Charlotte Esser,Bart Everts,Maximilien Evrard,Christine S. Falk,Todd A. Fehniger,Mar Felipo-Benavent,Helen Ferry,Markus Feuerer,Andrew Filby,Kata Filkor,Simon Fillatreau,Marie Follo,Irmgard Förster,John Bellamy Foster,Gemma A. Foulds,Britta Frehse,Paul S. Frenette,Stefan Frischbutter,Wolfgang Fritzsche,David W. Galbraith,David W. Galbraith,Anastasia Gangaev,Natalio Garbi,Brice Gaudilliere,Ricardo T. Gazzinelli,Ricardo T. Gazzinelli,Jens Geginat,Wilhelm Gerner,Nicholas A Gherardin,Kamran Ghoreschi,Lara Gibellini,Florent Ginhoux,Florent Ginhoux,Florent Ginhoux,Keisuke Goda,Keisuke Goda,Keisuke Goda,Dale I. Godfrey,Christoph Goettlinger,José M. González-Navajas,Carl S. Goodyear,Andrea Gori,Jane L. Grogan,Daryl Grummitt,Andreas Grützkau,Claudia Haftmann,Jonas Hahn,Hamida Hammad,Günter J. Hämmerling,Leo Hansmann,Göran K. Hansson,Christopher M. Harpur,Susanne Hartmann,Andrea Hauser,Anja E. Hauser,David L. Haviland,David W. Hedley,Daniela C. Hernández,Guadalupe Herrera,Martin Herrmann,Christoph Hess,Christoph Hess,Thomas Höfer,Petra Hoffmann,Kristin A. Hogquist,Tristan Holland,Thomas Höllt,Thomas Höllt,Rikard Holmdahl,Pleun Hombrink,Jessica P. Houston,Bimba F. Hoyer,Bo Huang,Fang-Ping Huang,Johanna Huber,Jochen Huehn,Michael Hundemer,Christopher A. Hunter,William Hwang,William Hwang,Anna Iannone,Florian Ingelfinger,Sabine Ivison,Hans-Martin Jäck,Peter K. Jani,Beatriz Jávega,Stipan Jonjić,Toralf Kaiser,Tomas Kalina,Thomas Kamradt,Stefan H. E. Kaufmann,Baerbel Keller,Steven L. C. Ketelaars,Ahad Khalilnezhad,Ahad Khalilnezhad,Srijit Khan,Jan Kisielow,Paul Klenerman,Jasmin Knopf,Hui-Fern Koay,Katja Kobow,Jay K. Kolls,Wan Ting Kong,Manfred Kopf,Thomas Korn,Katharina Kriegsmann,Hendy Kristyanto,Thomas Kroneis,Andreas Krueger,J. Kühne,Christian Kukat,Désirée Kunkel,Heike Kunze-Schumacher,Tomohiro Kurosaki,Christian Kurts,Pia Kvistborg,Immanuel Kwok,Immanuel Kwok,Jonathan J M Landry,Olivier Lantz,Paola Lanuti,Francesca LaRosa,Agnès Lehuen,Salomé LeibundGut-Landmann,Michael D. Leipold,Leslie Y. T. Leung,Megan K. Levings,Andreia C. Lino,Francesco Liotta,Virginia Litwin,Yanling Liu,Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren,Michael Lohoff,Giovanna Lombardi,Lilly Lopez,Miguel López-Botet,Amy E. Lovett-Racke,Erik Lubberts,Hervé Luche,Burkhard Ludewig,Enrico Lugli,Sebastian Lunemann,Holden T. Maecker,Laura Maggi,Orla Maguire,Florian Mair,Kerstin H. Mair,Alberto Mantovani,Rudolf A. Manz,Aaron J. Marshall,Alicia Martínez-Romero,Gloria Martrus,Ivana Marventano,Wlodzimierz Maslinski,Giuseppe Matarese,Anna Vittoria Mattioli,Christian Maueröder,Christian Maueröder,Alessio Mazzoni,James McCluskey,Mairi McGrath,Helen M. McGuire,Iain B. McInnes,Henrik E. Mei,Fritz Melchers,Susanne Melzer,Dirk Mielenz,Stephen D. Miller,Kingston H. G. Mills,Hans Minderman,Jenny Mjösberg,Jenny Mjösberg,Jonni S. Moore,Barry Moran,Lorenzo Moretta,Tim R. Mosmann,Susann Müller,Gabriele Multhoff,Luis E. Muñoz,Christian Münz,Toshinori Nakayama,Milena Nasi,Katrin Neumann,Lai Guan Ng,Antonia Niedobitek,Sussan Nourshargh,Gabriel Núñez,José-Enrique O'Connor,A Ochel,Anna E. Oja,Diana Ordonez,Alberto Orfao,Eva Orlowski-Oliver,Wenjun Ouyang,Annette Oxenius,Raghavendra Palankar,Isabel Panse,Kovit Pattanapanyasat,Malte Paulsen,Dinko Pavlinic,Livius Penter,Pärt Peterson,Christian Peth,Jordi Petriz,Federica Piancone,Winfried F. Pickl,Silvia Piconese,Marcello Pinti,A. Graham Pockley,Malgorzata J. Podolska,Zhiyong Poon,Katharina Pracht,Immo Prinz,Carlo Pucillo,Sally A. Quataert,Linda Quatrini,Kylie M. Quinn,Kylie M. Quinn,Helena Radbruch,Tim R. Radstake,Susann Rahmig,Hans-Peter Rahn,Bartek Rajwa,Gevitha Ravichandran,Yotam Raz,Jonathan Rebhahn,Diether J. Recktenwald,Dorothea Reimer,Caetano Reis e Sousa,Ester B. M. Remmerswaal,Lisa Richter,Laura G. Rico,Andy Riddell,Aja M. Rieger,J. Paul Robinson,Chiara Romagnani,Anna Rubartelli,Jürgen Ruland,Armin Saalmüller,Yvan Saeys,Takashi Saito,Shimon Sakaguchi,Francisco Sala-de-Oyanguren,Yvonne Samstag,Sharon Sanderson,Inga Sandrock,Angela Santoni,Ramon Bellmas Sanz,Marina Saresella,Catherine Sautès-Fridman,Birgit Sawitzki,Linda Schadt,Alexander Scheffold,Hans Scherer,Matthias Schiemann,Frank A. Schildberg,Esther Schimisky,Andreas Schlitzer,Josephine Schlosser,S Schmid,Steffen Schmitt,Kilian Schober,Daniel Schraivogel,Wolfgang Schuh,Thomas Schüler,Reiner Schulte,Axel Schulz,Sebastian R. Schulz,Cristiano Scottà,Daniel Scott-Algara,David P. Sester,T. Vincent Shankey,Bruno Silva-Santos,Anna Katharina Simon,Katarzyna M. Sitnik,Silvano Sozzani,Daniel E. Speiser,Josef Spidlen,Anders Ståhlberg,Alan M. Stall,Natalie Stanley,Regina Stark,Christina Stehle,Tobit Steinmetz,Hannes Stockinger,Yousuke Takahama,Kiyoshi Takeda,Leonard Tan,Leonard Tan,Attila Tárnok,Attila Tárnok,Attila Tárnok,Gisa Tiegs,Gergely Toldi,Julia Tornack,Elisabetta Traggiai,Mohamed Trebak,Timothy Tree,Timothy Tree,Joe Trotter,John Trowsdale,Maria Tsoumakidou,Henning Ulrich,Sophia Urbanczyk,Willem van de Veen,Maries van den Broek,Edwin van der Pol,Sofie Van Gassen,Gert Van Isterdael,René A. W. van Lier,Marc Veldhoen,Salvador Vento-Asturias,Paulo Vieira,David Voehringer,Hans-Dieter Volk,Anouk von Borstel,Konrad von Volkmann,Ari Waisman,Rachael C. Walker,Paul K. Wallace,Sa A. Wang,Xin M. Wang,Michael D. Ward,Kirsten A. Ward-Hartstonge,Klaus Warnatz,Gary Warnes,Sarah Warth,Claudia Waskow,Claudia Waskow,James V. Watson,Carsten Watzl,Leonie Wegener,Thomas Weisenburger,Annika Wiedemann,Jürgen Wienands,Anneke Wilharm,Robert J. Wilkinson,Robert J. Wilkinson,Robert J. Wilkinson,Gerald Willimsky,James B. Wing,Rieke Winkelmann,Thomas Winkler,Oliver F. Wirz,Alicia Wong,Peter Wurst,Jennie H M Yang,Jennie H M Yang,Juhao Yang,Maria Yazdanbakhsh,Liping Yu,Alice Yue,Hanlin Zhang,Yi Zhao,Susanne Ziegler,Christina E. Zielinski,Jakob Zimmermann,Arturo Zychlinsky +462 more
TL;DR: These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community providing the theory and key practical aspects offlow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Machine Learning for Internet of Things Data Analysis: A Survey
Mohammad Saeid Mahdavinejad,Mohammad Saeid Mahdavinejad,Mohammadreza Rezvan,Mohammadreza Rezvan,Mohammadamin Barekatain,Peyman Adibi,Payam Barnaghi,Amit P. Sheth +7 more
TL;DR: This article assesses the different machine learning methods that deal with the challenges in IoT data by considering smart cities as the main use case and presents a taxonomy of machine learning algorithms explaining how different techniques are applied to the data in order to extract higher level information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prioritizing spatial accuracy in high-resolution fMRI data using multivariate feature weight mapping
Johannes Stelzer,Johannes Stelzer,Tilo Buschmann,Tilo Buschmann,Gabriele Lohmann,Daniel S. Margulies,Robert Trampel,Robert Turner +7 more
TL;DR: This work proposes the combination of a non-parametric and permutation-based statistical framework with linear classifiers that is more spatially precise, revealing both informative anatomical structures as well as the direction by which voxels contribute to the classification.
References
More filters
Book
An introduction to the bootstrap
Bradley Efron,Robert Tibshirani +1 more
TL;DR: This article presents bootstrap methods for estimation, using simple arguments, with Minitab macros for implementing these methods, as well as some examples of how these methods could be used for estimation purposes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bagging predictors
TL;DR: Tests on real and simulated data sets using classification and regression trees and subset selection in linear regression show that bagging can give substantial gains in accuracy.
Reference EntryDOI
Principal Component Analysis
TL;DR: Principal component analysis (PCA) as discussed by the authors replaces the p original variables by a smaller number, q, of derived variables, the principal components, which are linear combinations of the original variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
The scree test for the number of factors
TL;DR: The Scree Test for the Number Of Factors this paper was first proposed in 1966 and has been used extensively in the field of behavioral analysis since then, e.g., in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
LIII. On lines and planes of closest fit to systems of points in space
TL;DR: This paper is concerned with the construction of planes of closest fit to systems of points in space and the relationships between these planes and the planes themselves.