The atmospheric-pressure plasma jet: a review and comparison to other plasma sources
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Citations
Airflow control by non-thermal plasma actuators
Plasma-surface modification of biomaterials
Atmospheric pressure plasmas: A review
Low Temperature Plasma-Based Sterilization: Overview and State-of-the-Art
Reactive species in non-equilibrium atmospheric-pressure plasmas: Generation, transport, and biological effects
References
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing
Gas Discharge Physics
Electrical breakdown of gases
Related Papers (5)
Frequently Asked Questions (13)
Q2. What is the main reaction product in the corona and dielectric barrier discharge?
In the corona and dielectric barrier discharge, ozone is the main reaction product, whereas in the other plasmas, oxygen atoms represent a large fraction of the reactive species.
Q3. What is the effect of pressure on the concentration of oxygen atoms?
The concentration of metastable oxygen is constant across the gap, whereas the concentration of O atoms falls to zero at the walls due to surface recombination [16].
Q4. What are the different species of ions used to cut?
In the case of oxygen plasmas, these species are O atoms, metastable O , and O .Transferred arcs are used to cut [3], [4], [19], and [20], melt [4] and [21], and weld condensed materials.
Q5. What are the typical operation conditions and properties of a transfer arc?
Typical operation conditions and properties are 1–15 l/s gas flow, 50–600 A, 10 MW/m , gas temperatures between 3000 and 20 000K, and a nozzle-tosample distance of 5–10 mm [19]–[22].
Q6. What is the voltage of a point-to-plane corona?
The plasma ignites at a voltage of 2–5 kV and produces an extremely small current of 10 –10 A. Above 10 A, the voltage rapidly increases with current.
Q7. What is the probability of energy exchange between an electron and a molecule?
Since the probability for energy exchange upon collision of an electron and molecule depends on the nature of the molecule, the pressure at whichapproaches should be a sensitive function of the gas composition.
Q8. What are the advantages of low-pressure plasma discharges?
Low-pressure plasma discharges are widely used in materials processing, because they have a number of distinct advantages: 1) low breakdown voltages; 2) a stable operating window between spark ignition and arcing; 3) an electron temperature capable of dissociating molecules (1–5 eV), but a low neutral temperature; 4) relatively high concentrations of ions and radicals to drive etching and deposition reactions; and 5) a uniform glow over a large gas volume.
Q9. What is the temperature of a plasma torch?
With regard to thermal equilibrium, Kim et al. [41] measured the electron and ion temperatures in a plasma torch as a function of the radial and axial positions.
Q10. What is the average electron temperature inside the plasma jet?
Based on the impedance measurements and the emission spectra, it is estimated that the electron temperature inside the plasma jet averages between 1–2 eV.
Q11. What is the effect of the pressure on the density of ions?
As the pressure increases above 0.3 torr, the density of ions diminishes due to the lower electron energies at higher pressure (cf. Fig. 3), and thus, a lower production rate of ion-electron pairs.
Q12. What is the effect of pressure on the composition of the plasma?
He detected O atom concentrations of about 5 10 cm at 0.1 torr O , having a gap distance between two plane electrodes of 55 mm and a self bias of 300 V.Shown in Fig. 5 is the effect of pressure on the plasma composition as predicted by Shibata’s model.
Q13. What is the breakdown voltage for a cathode?
This voltage depends on the electrode spacing and the pressure as follows [2], [8], [10]:(1)0093–3813/98$10.00 1998 IEEEHere, and are constants found experimentally, and is the secondary electron emission coefficient of the cathode.