Journal ArticleDOI
Basic pharmacology of valproate: a review after 35 years of clinical use for the treatment of epilepsy.
TLDR
The broad spectrum of antiepileptic efficacy of valproate is reflected in preclinical in vivo and in vitro models, including a variety of animal models of seizures or epilepsy as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
Since its first marketing as an antiepileptic drug (AED) 35 years ago in France, valproate has become established worldwide as one of the most widely used AEDs in the treatment of both generalised and partial seizures in adults and children. The broad spectrum of antiepileptic efficacy of valproate is reflected in preclinical in vivo and in vitro models, including a variety of animal models of seizures or epilepsy.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The neurobiology of antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of nonepileptic conditions
TL;DR: Emerging evidence suggests that effects on signaling pathways that regulate neuronal plasticity and survival may be a factor in the delayed clinical efficacy of AEDs in some neuropsychiatric conditions, including bipolar affective disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Voltage-gated sodium channels as therapeutic targets in epilepsy and other neurological disorders
Massimo Mantegazza,Giulia Curia,Giuseppe Biagini,David S. Ragsdale,Massimo Avoli,Massimo Avoli +5 more
TL;DR: Clinical and experimental data indicate that these drugs are efficacious for a range of diseases, and that the development of drugs with enhanced selectivity for specific VGSC isoforms might be an effective and novel approach for the treatment of several neurological diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention or Modification of Epileptogenesis after Brain Insults: Experimental Approaches and Translational Research
Wolfgang Löscher,Claudia Brandt +1 more
TL;DR: Two ongoing clinical trials will address the antiepileptogenic potential of topiramate and levetiracetam in patients with traumatic brain injury, hopefully translating laboratory discoveries into successful therapies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modulating ROS to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer.
Qingbin Cui,Jing-Quan Wang,Yehuda G. Assaraf,Liang Ren,Pranav Gupta,Liuya Wei,Charles R. Ashby,Dong-Hua Yang,Zhe-Sheng Chen +8 more
TL;DR: The critical and targetable redox-regulating enzymes, including mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes, NADPH oxidases (NOXs), enzymes related to glutathione metabolism, glutamate/cystine antiporter xCT, thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and their roles in regulating cellular ROS levels, drug resistance as well as their clinical significance are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Valproate induces replication-independent active DNA demethylation.
TL;DR: The data support a new mechanism of action for VPA as enhancing intracellular demethylase activity through its effects on histone acetylation and raises the possibility that DNA methylation is reversible independent of DNA replication by commonly prescribed drugs.
References
More filters
Journal Article
Antiepileptic drugs: pharmacological mechanisms and clinical efficacy with consideration of promising developmental stage compounds.
TL;DR: Antiepileptic drug pheny toin potentiates GABA in the rat cuneate nucleus and its metabolite as potent inhibitors of microsomal metabolism of phenytoin and carbamazepine.
Journal ArticleDOI
A New Benzodiazepine Pharmacology
TL;DR: Rational drug targeting to specific receptor subtypes has now become possible, and only restricted neuronal networks will be modulated by the new subtype-selective drugs.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comparison of valproate with carbamazepine for the treatment of complex partial seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults. The Department of Veterans Affairs Epilepsy Cooperative Study No. 264 Group
TL;DR: Valproate is as effective as carbamazepine for the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, but carbamazetine provides better control of complex partial seizures and has fewer long-term adverse effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of valproate: a summary after 35 years of clinical experience.
TL;DR: Valproate is generally regarded as a first-choice agent for most forms of idiopathic and symptomatic generalised epilepsies, and prescription of a broad-spectrum drug such as valproate has clear advantages in this situation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Valproate: a reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic properties and mechanisms of action
TL;DR: By the experimental observations summarized in this review, most clinical effects of Valproate can be explained, although much remains to be learned at a number of different levels of valproate's mechanisms of action.