Journal ArticleDOI
Evolving concepts in biofilm infections
TLDR
Several pathogens associated with chronic infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in chronic otitis media, and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in recurrent urinary tract infections, are linked to biofilm formation.Abstract:
Several pathogens associated with chronic infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in chronic otitis media, Staphylococcus aureus in chronic rhinosinusitis and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in recurrent urinary tract infections, are linked to biofilm formation. Biofilms are usually defined as surface-associated microbial communities, surrounded by an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix. Biofilm formation has been demonstrated for numerous pathogens and is clearly an important microbial survival strategy. However, outside of dental plaques, fewer reports have investigated biofilm development in clinical samples. Typically biofilms are found in chronic diseases that resist host immune responses and antibiotic treatment and these characteristics are often cited for the ability of bacteria to persist in vivo. This review examines some recent attempts to examine the biofilm phenotype in vivo and discusses the challenges and implications for defining a biofilm phenotyperead more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Pseudomonas aeruginosa : new insights into pathogenesis and host defenses
TL;DR: An overview of the host response and how the genomic capacity of P. aeruginosa contributes to the pathogenesis and persistence of these infections is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sticking together: building a biofilm the Bacillus subtilis way
TL;DR: This Review focuses on the molecular mechanisms that control B. subtilis biofilm assembly, and then briefly summarize the current state of knowledge regarding biofilm disassembly.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic infections
TL;DR: Evidence is presented to support a view that the biofilm lifestyle dominates chronic bacterial infections, where bacterial aggregation is the default mode, and that subsequent biofilm development progresses by adaptation to nutritional and environmental conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilm infections, their resilience to therapy and innovative treatment strategies
Ute Römling,Carlos Balsalobre +1 more
TL;DR: Cyclic di‐nucleotides are also potential immunotherapeutic agents to treat antibiotic‐resistant bacterial infections and might be appropriate targets for antibiofilm therapy in combination with antibiotic treatment strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments
Hongyue Dang,Charles R. Lovell +1 more
TL;DR: Recent progress in the study of marine microbial surface colonization and biofilm development is synthesized and discussed and questions are posed for targeted investigation of surface-specific community-level microbial features to advance understanding ofsurface-associated microbial community ecology and the biogeochemical functions of these communities.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial biofilms : A common cause of persistent infections
TL;DR: Improvements in understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of bacterial community behavior point to therapeutic targets that may provide a means for the control of biofilm infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria
Volker Brinkmann,Ulrike Reichard,Christian Goosmann,Beatrix Fauler,Yvonne Uhlemann,David S. Weiss,Yvette Weinrauch,Yvette Weinrauch,Arturo Zychlinsky +8 more
TL;DR: It is described that, upon activation, neutrophils release granule proteins and chromatin that together form extracellular fibers that bind Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, which degrade virulence factors and kill bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial biofilms: from the natural environment to infectious diseases.
TL;DR: It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilms: Survival Mechanisms of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms
TL;DR: It is understood that biofilms are universal, occurring in aquatic and industrial water systems as well as a large number of environments and medical devices relevant for public health, and that treatments may be based on inhibition of genes involved in cell attachment and biofilm formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms
TL;DR: The features of biofilm infections are summarized, the emerging mechanisms of resistance are reviewed, and potential therapies are discussed.