Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of genotoxicity. A review of in vitro and in vivo studies with engineered nanoparticles.
TLDR
The need for appropriate methodologies to be used for investigation of genotoxic effects of NPs, in vitro and in vivo is suggested and advantages and potential problems with different methods are described.Abstract:
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in different technologies but their unique properties might also cause adverse health effects. In reviewing recent in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity studies we discuss potential mechanisms of genotoxicity induced by NPs. Various factors that may influence genotoxic response, including physico-chemical properties and experimental conditions, are highlighted. From 4346 articles on NP toxicity, 112 describe genotoxicity studies (94 in vitro, 22 in vivo). The most used assays are the comet assay (58 in vitro, 9 in vivo), the micronucleus assay (31 in vitro, 14 in vivo), the chromosome aberrations test (10 in vitro, 1 in vivo) and the bacterial reverse mutation assay (13 studies). We describe advantages and potential problems with different methods and suggest the need for appropriate methodologies to be used for investigation of genotoxic effects of NPs, in vitro and in vivo.read more
Citations
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Nanochemistry and Nanomedicine for Nanoparticle-based Diagnostics and Therapy
TL;DR: This work presents a new generation of high-performance liquid chromatography platforms for selective separation of Na6(CO3) from Na4(SO4) through Na2SO4 and shows real-world applications in drug discovery and treatment of central nervous system disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Smart micro/nanoparticles in stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery systems
Mahdi Karimi,Amir Ghasemi,Parham Sahandi Zangabad,Reza Rahighi,S. Masoud Moosavi Basri,S. Masoud Moosavi Basri,Hamed Mirshekari,Mandana Amiri,Z. Shafaei Pishabad,A. Aslani,Mahnaz Bozorgomid,Deepanjan Ghosh,Ali Beyzavi,A. Vaseghi,Amir Reza Aref,L. Haghani,Sajad Bahrami,Michael R. Hamblin,Michael R. Hamblin +18 more
TL;DR: This review highlights the recent advances of smart MNPs categorized according to their activation stimulus (physical, chemical, or biological) and looks forward to future pharmaceutical applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicity of graphene-family nanoparticles: a general review of the origins and mechanisms
TL;DR: This review collects studies on the toxic effects of GFNs in several organs and cell models, and proposes some challenges and suggestions for further investigations of GFN toxicity, with the aim of completing the toxicology mechanisms and providing suggestions to improve the biological safety ofGFNs and facilitate their wide application.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antimicrobial Activity of Metal and Metal‐Oxide Based Nanoparticles
TL;DR: A critical analysis of the current state of metal and metal‐oxide nanomaterial research advances the understanding to overcome antibiotic resistance and provide alternatives to combat bacterial infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxicology of silica nanoparticles: an update.
Sivakumar Murugadoss,Dominique Lison,Lode Godderis,Sybille van den Brule,Jan Mast,Frederic Brassinne,Noham Sebaihi,Peter Hoet +7 more
TL;DR: Despite the multiple studies published in recent years, unambiguous linking of physico-chemical properties of SiNPs types to toxicity, bioavailability, or human health effects is not yet possible.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanotoxicology: An Emerging Discipline Evolving from Studies of Ultrafine Particles
TL;DR: Results of older bio-kinetic studies with NSPs and newer epidemiologic and toxicologic studies with airborne ultrafine particles can be viewed as the basis for the expanding field of nanotoxicology, which can be defined as safety evaluation of engineered nanostructures and nanodevices.
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Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Cells
TL;DR: A possible mechanism of toxicity is proposed which involves disruption of the mitochondrial respiratory chain by Ag-np leading to production of ROS and interruption of ATP synthesis, which in turn cause DNA damage.
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Oxidative DNA damage: mechanisms, mutation, and disease
TL;DR: This review critically addresses the extent to which the in vitro significance of oxidative DNA damage has relevance for the pathogenesis of disease, drawing attention to the multiplicity of proteins with repair activities along with a number of poorly considered effects of damage.
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Carbon nanotubes introduced into the abdominal cavity of mice show asbestos-like pathogenicity in a pilot study.
Craig A Poland,Rodger Duffin,Ian A. Kinloch,Andrew D. Maynard,William A Wallace,Anthony Seaton,Vicki Stone,Simon Brown,William MacNee,Ken Donaldson +9 more
TL;DR: Exposing the mesothelial lining of the body cavity of mice to long multiwalled carbon nanotubes results in asbestos-like, length-dependent, pathogenic behaviour, including inflammation and the formation of lesions known as granulomas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations
Markku Kulmala,Hanna Vehkamäki,Tuukka Petäjä,M. Dal Maso,Antti Lauri,V.-M. Kerminen,Wolfram Birmili,Peter H. McMurry +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation rate of 3-nm particles is often in the range 0.01-10 cm −3 s −1 in the boundary layer in urban areas and in coastal areas and industrial plumes.