Sex and virulence in Escherichia coli: an evolutionary perspective
Thierry Wirth,Daniel Falush,Ruiting Lan,Frances M. Colles,Patience Mensa,Lothar H. Wieler,Helge Karch,Peter R. Reeves,Martin C. J. Maiden,Howard Ochman,Mark Achtman +10 more
TLDR
The evolution of virulence is linked to bacterial sex because rates of evolution have accelerated in pathogenic lineages, culminating in highly virulent organisms whose genomic contents are altered frequently by increased rates of homologous recombination.Abstract:
Summary Pathogenic Escherichia coli cause over 160 million cases of dysentery and one million deaths per year, whereas non-pathogenic E. coli constitute part of the normal intestinal flora of healthy mammals and birds. The evolutionary pathways underlying this dichotomy in bacterial lifestyle were investigated by multilocus sequence typing of a global collection of isolates. Specific pathogen types (enterohaemorrhagic E. coli , enteropathogenic E. coli , enteroinvasive E. coli , K1 and Shigella ) have arisen independently and repeat- edly in several lineages, whereas other lineages con- tain only few pathogens. Rates of evolution have accelerated in pathogenic lineages, culminating in highly virulent organisms whose genomic contents are altered frequently by increased rates of homolo- gous recombination; thus, the evolution of virulence is linked to bacterial sex. This long-term pattern of evolution was observed in genes distributed through- out the genome, and thereby is the likely result of episodic selection for strains that can escape the host immune response.read more
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Multilocus Sequence Typing of Total-Genome-Sequenced Bacteria
Mette Voldby Larsen,Salvatore Cosentino,Simon Rasmussen,Carsten Friis,Henrik Hasman,Rasmus L. Marvig,Lars Jelsbak,Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén,David W. Ussery,Frank Møller Aarestrup,Ole Lund +10 more
TL;DR: A Web-based method for MLST of 66 bacterial species based on whole-genome sequencing data that enables investigators to determine the sequence types of their isolates on the basis of WGS data.
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An ecological and evolutionary perspective on human–microbe mutualism and disease
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Organised Genome Dynamics in the Escherichia coli Species Results in Highly Diverse Adaptive Paths
Marie Touchon,Marie Touchon,Claire Hoede,Olivier Tenaillon,Valérie Barbe,Simon Baeriswyl,Philippe Bidet,Edouard Bingen,Stéphane Bonacorsi,Christiane Bouchier,Odile Bouvet,Alexandra Calteau,Hélène Chiapello,Olivier Clermont,Stéphane Cruveiller,Antoine Danchin,Médéric Diard,Carole Dossat,Meriem El Karoui,Eric Frapy,Louis Garry,Jean Marc Ghigo,Anne-Marie Gilles,James R. Johnson,James R. Johnson,Chantal Le Bouguénec,Mathilde Lescat,Sophie Mangenot,Vanessa Martinez-Jéhanne,Ivan Matic,Xavier Nassif,Sophie Oztas,Marie-Agnès Petit,Christophe Pichon,Zoé Rouy,Claude Saint Ruf,Dominique Schneider,Jérôme Tourret,Benoit Vacherie,David Vallenet,Claudine Médigue,Eduardo P. C. Rocha,Eduardo P. C. Rocha,Erick Denamur +43 more
TL;DR: An important adaptive role for metabolism diversification within group B2 and Shigella strains is found, but few or no extraint intestinal virulence-specific genes are identified, which could render difficult the development of a vaccine against extraintestinal infections.
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The population genetics of commensal Escherichia coli.
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Recent Advances in Understanding Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli
Matthew A. Croxen,Robyn J. Law,Roland Scholz,Kristie M. Keeney,Marta Wlodarska,B. Brett Finlay +5 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review highlights recent advances in understanding of the intestinal pathotypes of E. coli, which carry an enormous potential to cause disease and continue to present challenges to human health.
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