Lars Axell

TL;DR: Sandrine Mulet, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, Simon Good, Andrea Pisano, Eric Greiner, Maeva Monier, Emmanuel... as discussed by the authors The Essential Variables of Ocean Temperature and Salinity

TL;DR: The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) Ocean State Report (OSR) provides an annual report of the state of the global ocean and European regional seas for policy and decision-makers with the additional aim of increasing general public awareness about the status of, and changes in, the marine environment as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a coupled sea ice-ocean Baltic Sea model was used to model salinity and temperature in the Gulf of Bothnia, Gulf of Finland, and Gulf of Riga.

TL;DR: In this article, a one-dimensional numerical ocean model of the southern Baltic Sea is used to investigate suitable parameterizations of unresolved turbulence and compare with available observations, and a simple wind-dependent formulation of the energy flux to the internal wave field is tested, which has some success in describing the short and long-term variability of the deepwater turbulence.

TL;DR: In this article, a prototype system for optimizing routes through the ice field is presented, which integrates state-of-the-art ice modeling, ship transit modeling, and an end-user system as a route optimization tool for vessels navigating in ice-covered waters.