Takeshi Tsubata

TL;DR: These guidelines are presented for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the expression of thePD-1 antigen is tightly regulated and induced by signal transduction through the antigen receptor and do not exclude the possibility that the PD- 1 antigen may play a role in clonal selection of lymphocytes although PD-1 expression is not required for the common pathway of apoptosis.

TL;DR: PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene, is essential for embryogenesis and an important regulator of T cell homeostasis and self-tolerance in Pten(flox/-) mice.

TL;DR: Both adaptive and innate signals regulate B10 cell development, maturation, CD5 expression, and competence for IL-10 production in mouse strains that are susceptible to exogenous autoantigen-induced autoimmunity.

TL;DR: It is shown that the IgM molecule is non-covalently associated in the membrane of B cells with two proteins of relative molecular mass 34,000 (M r 34 K; IgM-α) and 39 K (Ig-β) which form a disulphide-linked heterodimer.