Arnim Pause

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macro-autophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: The cloning is described of two related human complementary DNAs encoding polypeptides that interact specifically with the translation initiation factor elF-4E, which binds to the messenger RNA 5'-cap structure, thereby relieving the translational inhibition.

TL;DR: Light is shed on the mechanisms of eIF-4F assembly and on the translational regulation by insulin and growth factors and a 12-amino-acid sequence conserved between mammals and Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is critical for the interaction with eif-4E is identified.

TL;DR: Results obtained with antibodies, immobilized PHAS-I, and a messenger RNA cap affinity resin indicated that PHas-I did not bind eIF-4E when serine-64 was phosphorylated, indicating that PHAs-I may be a key mediator of the stimulation of protein synthesis by the diverse group of agents and stimuli that activate MAP kinase.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mTORC1 controls mitochondrial activity and biogenesis by selectively promoting translation of nucleus-encoded mitochondria-related mRNAs via inhibition of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding proteins (4E-BPs).