Gabriella Cavallini

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macro-autophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes.

TL;DR: The results show that autophagy is induced in muscle in three different models of cancer cachexia and in glucocorticoid-treated mice, and the observation that in cancer hosts and tumor necrosis factor α-treated C2C12 myotubes, insulin can only partially blunt Autophagy induction suggests that autophileagy is triggered through mechanisms that cannot be circumvented by using classic upstream modulators.

TL;DR: Data may support the hypothesis that ad libitum feeding accelerates the rate of ageing by raising insulin plasma levels and suppressing autophagy and membrane maintenance, and that calorie restriction may break this vicious circle.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the pharmacologic intensification of autophagy (PISA treatment) has anti‐aging effects and might prove to be a big step toward retardation of aging and prevention of age‐associated diseases in humans.